Critical Approaches to Human Resource Management Essay

Critical Approaches to Human Resource counselling - Essay ExampleOver the past decennium, Box either and Purcell (2011) posit that the worker net levels in the US collect significantly fallen. As a result, a people strategy that is effective should be devised to stimulate soaring levels of engagement of employees in order to gain the much sort after competitive advantage in the most dynamic clientele environment to ever exist globally (Woods and West, 2010). Numerous studies have been conducted by dozens of firms and researchers with respect to the value of employee engagement (Holbeche and Springett, 2003). All these studies have employed varied research methods, employee engagement measures, in addition to the extensive variety of varied measures of financial and operational performance yet they all lead to the same conclusion, that employee engagement or disengagement has a huge impact on the financial performance of individual organisations, and in the aggregate, a signific ant impact on the performance of the U.S. economy as a whole (Schaufeli, Bakker and Salanova, 2006703) The Role of Engagement The global economy has been experiencing significant shifts in the past decade (Woods and West, 2010). ... Despite the fact that new strategies have been devised to respond to these shifts Harter, Schmidt and Hayes (2002) believe that it is essential that the organisations success alongside the high performance of workers be maintained. According to Boxall, Purcell and Wright (2007), the key strategy to implement to tell this is to introduce processes that measure and improve the work engagement of the employees. Past research has over and over again made known that employee engagement has powerful links with a number of success factors in business organisations, for instance (Holbeche and Springett, 2003) i. Employee productivity ii. Employee efficiency/performance iii. Employee safety iv. Employee attendance and retention v. Profitability vi. Customer co nsignment and retention vii. Customer service and satisfaction Economic instabilities are on and off events and the way disparate business organisations react to these shifts in the economy determines or rather predict if the company will delay or how well it will succeed (Roberts and Davenport, 2002). Many organisations tend to focus less on vigilance of their talent as well as on engaging their employees during periods of crisis and uncertain business forecasts and instead take on their efforts towards devising strategies to reduce costs incurred via slicing of bonuses, salaries, rewards, in addition to costs involving development of employees (Attridge, 2009). Furthermore, Redman and Wilkinson (2009) report that close to leadership without an eye for the future may go to an extend of thinking that employee engagement is not fundamental since their employees are left with few or no options and as a result they will hold on put in the organisation due to their need for job security. On the other hand, smart leaders with

Human Resource Learning and Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Human Resource accomplishment and Development - Essay ExampleBut with time, it was seen that many international managers were facing problems in dealing with the employees, in that respect was high turnover, low capriole satisfaction and the result was that many international managers were returning to their home acres. What the play along lacked was the fact that it needed to train its cross cultural managers so that it fanny manage the hotel in the way of life it wanted. Thus, a prepare session was organized, which would tell these managers how to deal with cross cultural customers in a country which is foreign for them as well. This training was done for those international managers who plan to make their careers in any of the leash Middle East countries i.e. Saudi Arabia, U.A.E and Egypt. Prior to the workshop, the managers were asked interviewed as to their knowledge of the Middle East countries. The result was that they knew rattling little about these countries, thei r working style or their cultures, even though they were well aware of what their job demands of them. Moreover, the survey was also done which reinforced this point. (Lucas, 1994)Before discussing the specificities of the training program that the international managers volition go through, it is necessary to discuss the theories of training that have been presented so that this case can be fit into these theories and it can be said that the literature which has been written on the subject of training is be thoroughly considered in front starting a training session of its own. The content theories of training stresses on the vitality of such(prenominal) training which makes the trainee learn things based on the experience of the previous learners and the condition in which they have worked. Obviously the context in which various trainees are trained is entirely different. Therefore, the context of the previous learners impart not be taken into consideration. Only their knowled ge and the experience that they share by the type of training they went through will be important and it will be applied to the new context of the new trainees. (Blake, 2003) The learner will be facilitated in a way which will help him relate the new knowledge being given by the knowledge that is already in his mind and then to have the process of abiding by processing the old knowledge to become new knowledge and to be stored as such in the memory. There will even be material that the trainee can use even after the training is over and therefore, this will reinforce the learning habits which were taught in the training session and will inhabit with the trainee for a long time. (Keeps, 2002)The cognitive system that is studied under the content theories of training emphasizes on trine factors which should be taken into consideration when a trainee is being trained. Firstly, the individual should be equipped with long precondition memory about a certain subject that is, he should be able to have a perfect understanding in the long term for a particular subject, in our case, it is slicing films and dealing with films in the projection room. Secondly, the processing skills of each

World War II propaganda posters Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

knowledge base War II propaganda fliers - Essay ExampleThe opening of the thesis report consists of the background information approximately American propaganda posters against the Japanese and German.Propaganda posters against the Japanese were in partial response to Japanese PSYOPS against the United States.Propaganda against the Japanese revolve about on the idea that the Japanese were subhuman or second-rate.The justification for Chinese internment camps was part of the propaganda poster campaign during WWII.Propaganda against Germany, in the beginning, revolved around the invasion of the United States.Hitlers stupidity, ridiculous looks, and manic speeches alike were featured on American propaganda posters of the time.War efforts at home were a major theme in American propaganda postersWar bonds propaganda encouraged Americans to invest in the United States bond program.Gas conservation, working in military supply sectors and being hardworking posters encouraged Americans t o put more effort into their work to assist the war effort.Propaganda posters led the public to believe every able man needed to enlist or the war would be lost.Women played a significant role in American propaganda posters during WWIIThe depiction of the lost American woman being raped by Japanese or German soldiers was a general theme of WWII.Women were mobilized in WACS and other units to serve as nurses for the wounded soldiers.

Patterns of Subsistence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Patterns of Subsistence - Essay Exampleg, collecting or chase for food, pastoralists acquire food from domesticised animals, horticulture is the method of plant cultivation which is non-industrial, agriculture is the production of food on a certain location for a long period of time, and industrialism is for societies that are not involved in processes of food production.Foraging is the oldest of all the human subsistence patterns. It dates back to 10,000 years ago when all the human societies numbered upon hunting wild animals and searching for wild plants to survive upon. Till the 20th century, this had been a pattern of subsistence in virtually societies especially in areas such as tropical forests and deserts which were environmentally marginal areas. Foragers always direct on the environment for their resources. They assumet plant or domesticate animals and depend on their get manpower to carry out their subsistence tasks. The labor is done by families or friends in small groups. These societies dont have an occupational choice and it is definite that the man would be the animal hunter and the woman would be the gatherer of plants (Prins, 2010).Pastoralism is a pattern of subsistence where people domesticate large herds of animals to make their living. Pastoralists would tend to domesticate different species and types of animals according to the region in which they are living. Most of these animals are herbivores that eat grasses. Horses are frequent specie for pastoralists in Central Asia while in East Africa, cattle is the common specie. In south-west Asia the animals are sheep and goats and in lowland areas of East Africa and Southwest Asia, camels are the common specie (Prins, 2010). Pastoralists usually depend upon the temperatures and conditions of the atmosphere according to which they change their system.Horticulture is the pattern of subsistence where low intensity and small scale farming takes place. This scheme involves planting and domesticating small animals that are raised for

Biology journal report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Biology ledger report - Essay ExampleWith color literature as the primary data source, the researchers found 104 hereditary tests that be in development. 68% of these tests were found in LexisNexis and Cambridge Health Institutes (CHI) databases, 38% from 8 more blue-eyed(a) literature databases. 4% were obtained through alternative resources like opinion leaders interviews and national conferences. 76% of the inwardness tests being developed were limited to only 5 of the ten most common crabmeats in cost of mortality. Most of these tests only appe ard to be related to rottercer diagnosis and management, but no clinical daring has been established yet. The authors of the article found LexisNexis and CHI databases as the most useful to their project.The authors discussed limitations of this research. The researchers relied highly on Grey literature where LexisNexis and CHI were the primary sources of cancer genomic tests in development (68%) (Chin, Wessler and Chew, Genetic Test for Cancer). In addition, three-quarters of the genomic cancer tests in development addressed in this article were for only 5 of the ten most wicked cancers in deaths. There may be different tests in development present in other literature sources (other than Grey Literature databases) that may address more of the lethal cancers. Identification of such tests can be crucial as it will give hope that in the near future, a termination may be provided for at least the worst cancers in terms of lethality. Hence, more research in more sources is essential. The authors also appreciated that almost all of the cited developing genetic tests only appear to be related to management and cancer diagnosis as no clinical validity has been established yet. This implies that data analysis in this article may be misleading as it relies on assumption that those tests are linked to cancer diagnosis and management.This article shows that currently available tests for prevention and treatment of cancer are few. More cancer preventive genetic

Differences between Cole and Dalton Approach Essay - 1

Differences among wampum and Dalton Approach - Essay ExampleThe approach of Dalton to Corporate security concerns is both traditional and legal. That of Cole is modern, forward-looking and humane. Cole is also fully aware of the legal responsibilities of the service provider, the client, and the personnel engaged by the service provider.Richard Coles register has the most comprehensive insurance reporting requirements. As per this document, the contractile organ has to provide a number of insurance certificates, prior to commencing each services, for the client, such as Workers Compensation Insurance, including Employers Liability Insurance and so forth It is a arrant(a) and an ideal legal document as far as insurance coverage for the employee is concerned. The employee works under the protective umbrella of the perfect insurance scheme. The highlights of the various insurance schemes for the benefit of employees, apart from huge sums assured in the event of mishaps are, a retro active date prior to or coincident with the agreement inception date, the client is promptly notified in writing of any advancement of the retroactive date, the contractor specifying if defense costs are include in the limits of liability, the client being promptly notified in writing of any erosion of aggregate limits, etc. Such provisions indicate the extensive and deep concern of the managers, providers of the insurance, that the employee is given financial security to himself/members of his family, should any unfortunate mishap occur.

Martin Luther's Eucharist Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Martin Luthers eucharist - Research Paper ExampleThis essay will argue that Luthers adherence to sola scriptura shaped his sacramental theology of the ordinance in The Babylonian immurement of the Church. This paper will demonstrate Luthers dependance on the Bible for his theology of the Eucharist by exploring the way he employs the Scriptures to do three things. First, Luther argues that the Eucharist is one of the three sacraments of the Church. Second, he declares that the bread and wine should both be made available to the congregation. Thirdly, he advances an argument against transubstation. All three of these arguments, as will be demonstrated, are rooted in Luthers interpretation of the Scriptures.Criticizing the adoption of pagan practices by the Church, Martin Luthers the Babylonian Captivity attempts to point to the pagan practices that Luther denoted were not founded on scripture. Some of these included the way in which indulgences were sold and/or the way in which the pontiff was understood as the vicar of the Son of God elements that were clearly not founded on scripture and the earthly teachings of the Nazarene or His disciples.2 This particular treatise was published in 1520 after a period earlier in that course when Pope Leo X had published a bull that expressed disapproval of his teachings against the corruption that had incur rampant in the Church. The papal bull also gave Luther some sixty days to repudiate what were supposed to be his heresies, and if he did not do as the pope demanded, he would be excommunicated.3 Historians have astray speculated concerning whether Luther saw the actual bull, but the fact that he mentions it in the later parts of the Babylonian Captivity means that he may have had some knowledge of and most likely ignored it. What followed was that the pope officially excommunicated Luther and the possible reason behind his excommunication was not only

Wooden Bats versus Metal Bats in Baseball Essay

woody mild versus Metal Bats in Base crackpot - Essay ExampleWooden bats ar heavier than metal bats because they are solid, and that is why they require more effort to sway than aluminum bats. They also have a small sweet spot due to which the match remains within range, i.e., the hitting zone is small. In another(prenominal) words, the weight of wooden bats is concentrated far from hands, or in other words, the center of soberness lies in the barrel. Thus, the swing weight is higher, which keeps the ball within range and means that the ball will not go much farther.Metal bats are hollow from within. A metal bat is light source because of a larger sweet spot (Zumerchik 52), and the weight is concentrated truly close to the hands, which will take form the hit swing much higher as the swing weight is lower. A ball throw at a higher or faster pace will also go farther.Wooden bats are safer than metal bats because the run low speed of the ball is much slower in case of wooden bats. Thus, the ball comes off with slow speed, which is good as it reduces the danger of injury if the ball hits another player or pitcher. Also, there is no chance that the bat will get tossed outdoor(a) from the hands of the player. This is why major league baseball authorities endorse the use of wooden bats, considering the hit power of the professional players.Metal bats, as they are lighter, can easily get tossed away to break another player. Also, the larger sweet spot in case of metal bats causes larger exit speed of the ball, i.e., the ball will jump off faster, which could injure anybody within the hitting zone very seriously. There have been many unfortunate events in the past, in which players or spectators got injured due to this issue, as the Associated Press states, A New Jersey teenager left brain-damaged after being struck by a line drive while playing in a youth baseball grainy will receive $14.5 million to settle his lawsuit against the bat.

Math - Fractions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Math - Fractions - Essay casingThe right side on the other hand processes holistic information visual input, emotion, artistic & three-D sense, imagination & creativity and music & rhythm (Sobanski, 2002, p.3). It is known that 75% of what we learn is from the sense of sight (Sobanski, 2002, p.2). identical fractions taught with visual aids, combine image and logical reasoning to get both sides of the brain working at the analogous time. This facilitates effective learning. Jessika Sobanski (2002) tells us some tips on creating a whole brain learning milieuActive-participant Learning. The class proper operates in a way that learning is active and is propelled by adult counselor-at-law and by social influences of group interaction and teamwork (Ben-Avie, Ensign, & Haynes, 2003). Active-participant Learning allows the thinking process to be made subgross so teachers can intervene to improve faulty or ineffective patterns in a substantive way. Ben-Avie et al. (2003) in their book , How Social and Emotional Development Add Up, conducted an evaluation of a certain urban tame district. Their findings tell us that higher mean scores in mathematics concepts and application skills can be achieved by the followingEmploy the active participant model in the classrooms and engage students in bright discourse. Divide your class into groups. Have one group answer the questions on equivalent fractions thrown by the other group. Reverse roles after one round of questioning. Be attentive to their answers and questions. Intervene in a respectful way when mistakes occur.Ask probing questions. You can ask your students What makes equivalent fractions the same? This can be an assignment they can ponder at home. (Answer When you multiply or divideboththe numerator and denominator by the same number, the fraction keeps its value.)Personalized Mathematics Lessons. What is relevant is not just math that is connected to students lives, but math that

Business ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 4

business line morals - Essay ExampleThe latter was a conspiracy to fix price but against which Virgin Atlantic blew an early whistle to stop prematurely. As one will notice, airline industry is full of prankish competition that takes all forms of unethical pr locomoteices despite heavy fines that perpetrators argon usually aware of (Fisman et al., 2005, p. 56).Ethical theories attain majorly made general observations that the foundation of morals is motivate by human desire to do good. It is a desire to good in the sense that the wish and the necessary action to accompany the wish are not usually mutually inclusive. Ethics therefore comes out as a concern on the way in which people apply moral principles to life. In other words, ethics is concerned with what s just, fair or acceptable by applying the fundamental that guide societal values. Business ethics is therefore guidelines that come out of concerns on how best a firm should relate with the society in a mood likely to pro mote the principles of justice and responsibility. Justice and responsibility come in the sense that backing as a legal entity in its name or in the shareholders name, has a duty to bind sure that its pursuit for profits is not motivated greed (Bob, 2006, p. 23).Business ethics therefore act to ensure that elements in disdain external milieu are used in a manner likely to sustain their continued existence without any harm. Such a duty involves having to care for the environment and the community in which the business interacts with in the course of its daily activities. One should also note that business ethics also guide how a business firm will operate internally. In short, ethics in business is about applying all the values, principles, and regulations with the aim of being responsible to the welfare of the public (Hsieh, 2009, p.259).Business ethics is important majorly because it offers guidelines on how best

Effect of Shot Peening on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties Essay

Effect of shaft of light Peening on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties - Essay ExampleThe subsequent literature based understanding can change dissecting further into this field for the purpose of future developments, research and studies. Additive Manufacturing (AM) is a method through which the mixed components be joint together for the large purpose of creating a substance related to the 3D ensample data set, commonly layered one over the other, in contrast to the other methods such as that of the subtractive manufacturing methodology 1-5. This particular method is believed to bring about the new methods and techniques which will generally deliver the overall process of structural design and crafting much more easily as compared to the previously existing methods and techniques. With the given modern day advancements and developments in the form of automation supported features, without the tool technique or AM supported deceaseing units, each will benefit from th e given method and new techniques interconnected in this regard 6. A commonly used and implemented method in this regard is that of the AM support unit in the form of Direct Metal Laser Sintering, which comes along with the feature function of generating a net-structured part and can further extended for the entire process of manufacturing through the use of the pre-alloyed powders 7-10. Components that are generated through this method yield more accurate results and the crafted outlook is much more appreciated and back up in terms of quality and general outlook. 10. Hence, shot peening is possibly an option towards making use of the techniques that enable designing any structure and any outlook based object.

Morality in Humanities Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Morality in Humanities - Essay ExampleAn obvious question that would swan up in the restless mind of man would be, Why are we born and what is our purpose in life? Religion ideally answers this question and hence has been a pivotal factor for determining the transitions in the standards of morality. A striking example of this is the authority of the clergy till round centuries ago in all part of the world. All major decisions on judging or defining morality, whether social or personal had some or the other influence of the priesthood. However, religions as practised by the masses have also undergone different changes. It is no more than as rigid and sacrosanct today as it was earlier. People now angle towards applying critical and rational thinking. For instance, a comparatively larger percentage of todays population is more concerned and observant about animal rights, than about personal salvation. (The rise and activities of various animal rights groups rouse attest this fac t.)Hence, animal sacrifices for spectral reasons are close to hitting nadir in the American society. consequently it can be argued that relaxation of religious dogmas have led towards new moral standards, those of eco-sensitivity and freedom from religious restrictions, the degrees varying according to the demographics. Todays man is far-more free-thinking and tolerant and considers it below his moral standards to cross the rights of living to others for personal gains. Therefore, at least in the west religion is gradually losing its hold all over morality since most of those nations are secular and statistics suggest that more and more people are good turn towards atheism and agnosticism there. For example in the U.S. the figure is 15% in 2008 compared to about 8.2 in 1990. (Kosmin, Keyser, Highlight)another(prenominal) prominent factor governing the transitions in morality is family. Man spends most of his life with his family adhering to its needs, demands and laws since it is the same family

Drama 115 - Construct a Dialogue on Hamlet & Daly's, Under the Glass Essay

Drama 115 - Construct a Dialogue on Hamlet & Dalys, Under the scratch Light - Essay ExampleWILLIAM SHAKESPEARE Argh. First of all my plays arent as pretentious as youre making them out to be. During my time they were attended by many people from the lower classes. They were regarded as customary entertainment, while other playwrights like Christopher Marlowe were considered intellectual and pretentious, as you so politely indicated (Greenblatt). As for filler, the opening snapshot of Hamlet opens to a ghost sighting. A terrifying ghost sighting The play is immediately in the thriller/horror genre, not like yours which just meanders around for a --WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE Look I wrote long monologues because it allowed me to become the characters in-depth thoughts. This way I was able to explore aspects of the human characterize that typical chat cant attain. It was also the style of the time sure I could have written vivid dialogue, but it wouldnt have appealed to as large as an au dience. I worked within the conventions of my time, but explored never-failing themes.WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE Partially I wrote that way so my actors could learn their lines easier (Greenblatt). I also wrote that way because it more intimately approaches the sonorous quality of music. This way my characters werent merely talking, they were singing to the essence of the heavens and human conditionAUGUSTIN DALY Are you really this full of yourself? Your ego has been blow up beyond all proportion. You think youre like God or something. Look, with my work Im not trying to explore the core of life, Im just trying to make a statement of society. Expose some hypocrisy. peradventure change some minds.AUGUSTIN DALY You obviously dont understand subtlety. So for instance, consider the scene when osseous tissue tells Ray that Laura was actually a poor pickpocket and instead got brought into aristocracy at the age of 6.AUGUSTIN DALY So in this scene Ray, who had been professing his unending lo ve for Laura just 2 minutes earlier, starts saying that he can

Tikopia of Melanesia Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Tikopia of Melanesia - Research Paper invest sessionCONCLUSION A summary of key points 1.0 Introduction Tikopia of Melanesia Tikopia of Melanesia is known to have g wiz through so many changes in society. The Ticopia was an expression that the people of Solomon Islands used to make themselves distinctive from other people from adjacent islands, as a takings forming the Tikopia biotic community. From the past decade to the present, the communities culture remains unchanged, thus, portraying an interesting consume of information to be learnt about their way of life and work. Agriculture is their main means of subsistence, the tropical clime favoring the people to get good agricultural produce. They can be referred to as the emerging agriculturalists or horticulturalists. The Tikopia travel on the island of Tikopia, which is in the Southwestern Pacific Ocean. From about half a century ago, the race of the Tikopia had crowing dramatically, a factor that caused anxiety and concer n among its leaders, there was the fear of food shortages. As a result of this, they had to look for a solution on ways to control population growth. The community radiation patternd approximately zero population measures which included warfargon, sea voyaging and celibacy. These reduced their population and it is a good example of a re take policy (Nowak & Laid, 2010). This will form the basis of discussion in this paper. Thesis Statement The Tikopia atomic number 18 a cultural group with unique kinship and reproductive practices aimed at promoting their idea of zero population growth and changes in the society so as to ensure survivability. 1.1 Subsistence Practices The Tikopia of Melanesia practice precise techniques of agriculture. They are generally Horticulturalists who rely on water from the sea for planting their main diet, however, on few cases they substitute seek as part of their diet. The community is located near a sea that provides a wide var. of fish including s hell fish. The Tikopia normally look for dried swamps and clear forests, which usually provides them with trade routes and markets. The community does practice an intensive system of agriculture which has features of a perm-culture. The agricultural practices of the community depend on the density of the population, in the thick populated areas, some people practice fishing and pig rearing while others practice forest gardening. The foods that they grow include coconut, vegetables and yams which thrive best in the tropical environment, therefore, high yields of great measurement of foods are achieved. The access that the group has over empty land gives them control over a quid of resources. The Tikopia also incorporate technology into their subsistence practices. This is by practicing flood control, irrigation and terraces. In addition to this, technology has assisted the community in building roads, bridges and ports. Technology also allows the community to have control over thei r production and distribution (Nowak & Laird, 2010). In the Tikopia society, it is mostly men who do all the hard work such as building fences, clearing forests and planting processes. The women prepare food and take care of children. Both men and women trifle key roles in their societys subsistence practices. The community uses redistribution and exchange of balanced reciprocals to ensure that their goods and services are transported. Balanced reciprocals exchange refers to an agreement where there is return of an item, which is equivalent to another item or one with a greater value. Redistribution refers to a tribute, an individual

Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels The Communist Manifesto Essay

Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels The Communist Manifesto - act ExampleAll those in the ranks who be in possession of a desire or an occasion to have a better understanding of their own work should carry to mind the causes and the moving forces which is firm on the generation of the Manifesto, the circumstances under which it appeared on the eve of the Revolution which rupture forth from Paris to Vienna, from Palermo to Berlin (Katz 2001).This is the only behavior will it be probable for people to find in the current social plaster bandage the light of the propensity toward socialism, thus showing by its present the requirement the predictability of its triumph. Is not that in fact the inherent part of the Manifesto, its core and its distinguishing character? (Labriola 1999). People should be taking a false road if it is looked upon as the essential part of the measures advised and proposed at the end of the second chapter for the unforeseen event of a extremist success on the pa rt of the working class, or again the suggestion of governmental relationship to the other subversive parties of that era which are found in the fourth chapter (Labriola 1999).These indications and these measures, although they have the right to be taken into mirror image at the moment and under the conditions where they may be very vital for forming a exact rate of the political action of the German communists in the revolutionary period from 1848 to 1850, hereafter no longer form for people a mass of sensible judgments for or against which we should take sides in each contingency (Labriola 1999).The political parties since the International have recognized themselves in dissimilar countries, in the name of the proletariat, and taking it obviously for their base, have felt, and feel, in amount as they are born and expand, the domineering requirement of adopting and in compliance in their program and their action to conditions are always different and multiform. But not one of these parties feels the totalitarianism of the proletariat so near that it

Emergency Department Essay Example for Free

Emergency Department EssayI am a senior staff carry working in the Emergency Department in an Acute General Hospital in Singapore. I shake up been assigned by my senior nurse manage to mentor Susan, a third social class student nurse. As Susan was observed to be underachieving, I aim to use the Gibbs reflective cycle (1988) to drive me to identify the issues that have arisen during the placement and plan strategies to help Susan achieve her expected competencies at this stage of her clinical placement. Upon completion of the reflective cycle, mentor should be able to come up with methods that can help to desc land up the students identified troubles. It is important that windows of learning opportunities are created for reflection to be done and therefrom help both the mentor and mentee for future progression.Stage 1 DescriptionSusan, a third course of study student nurse, is in her penultimate clinical placement of her three years training course. She had just reached t he end of her second week of placement and has a nonher four weeks to completion. The ward staff had observed that she was not entering endurings vital signs, at times, into the system. The hospital uses the electronic system of entering patients charts.In addition, it appears that Susan did not inform any staff when there were abnormal readings, for example there were two occasions where a raised temperature in a patient receiving blood transfusion and a head injury patient with an altered level of consciousness. Whilst having a weekly debriefing session as agreed during the first twenty-four hour period of Susans clinical posting, the mentor was aware that Susan did fail to achieve the basic competency, which was required of her. The mentor had to focus to Susan on the importance of recording vital signs as it determines the patients prognosis. Thus, the mentor decided to divulge an action plan (SMART) template (Kerry, 2012, Appendix 3), to aid Susans progression.Stage 2 Fee lingsGiven a mentors role, it was a concern to me that I did not pick up Susans problem until my colleagues feedback. As Susan was proceeding to her third week of posting, it was crucial to speak to Susan and find out more in depth what might have led her to the behavior seen. I felt that Susan may not have the theoretical knowledge regarding what were the implications if fever occurs during

Effect of Ability Tracking on Student Performance Essay Example for Free

Effect of Ability pass overing on Student Performance EssayMany factors can influence students academic public presentation. Some argue that much ambitious course material can put less prep ared students at a disadvantage, sequence others argue that insufficient altercate leaves bright students bored and unmotivated. In essence, the one size fits all approaching to course has for many years been set aside in public schools in favor of energy tracking. The fit of students to curriculum difficulty is argued by some to be the key to ensuring student success it ensures that t separatelyers intrust equal focus to students of all ability levels, and also can encourage students with debase ability to figure more in class because they are less likely to feel intimidated (Slavin, 1990). Of course, how students are track varies some schools allow students to be placed into an advanced class for one subject and a lower ranking class for others, while others do not allow this ki nd of mobility (Slavin, 1990). Even if done carefully, tracking can influence choice of peers and views toward other students.Gamoran (1992) finds that friendships are more easily formed among students in the aforesaid(prenominal) tracks than among students in different tracks. A related concern is that tracking leads to students being stigmatized, and ultimately leads to poor academic performance and negative attitudes toward education (Gamoran, 1992). Ansalone (2003) discusses how tracking may perpetuate the cycle of poverty, and the effect of tracking on learning compared to educational systems outside the United States. So does ability tracking help or incapacitate performance? Analyzing historical and present academic performance of eleventh graders in the context of the level of challenge attached to their curriculum, may help to answer this complex question. Specifically, two hypotheses were trial runed First, improvements in performance (percentile rank) get out be more pronounced for students with more challenging curriculum than those with less challenging curriculum. Second, services in performance (percentile rank) will be more pronounced for students who have lower current grade point averages but had more challenging curriculum than for student with high current GPAs and less challenging curriculum.Data Sample The sample include 261 eleventh graders for whom no demographic data (e.g., gender, family income, parents education, race) were provided. The following variables were availableGrade eight Performance Assessment (GEPA) scores in Algebra and Science. pencil lead lay scores indicating the level of challenge associated with each students curriculum.eleventh Grade High School Performance Assessment (HSPA) in Math.Eleventh Grade Math SAT scores.4) Current Grade Point Average (GPA).Analysis Track Rank scores in the sample ranged from 1.17 to 4.17, with a mean of 2.75 and a standard deviation of .68. To test the beginning hypothesis, percen tile scores were calculated for each students GEPA scores, as well as their HSPA scores, and thus diversity scores were calculated between each of the GEPA percentiles and the HSPA percentile. Descriptive statistics for the percentile improvement variable are shown in Table 1.GEPA SCI progress (n=260)GEPA ALA Improvement (n=260)Mean-.00134.00397Std. Dev..2206.2927Minimum-.574-.889Maximum.616.828Table 1. Descriptive Statistics for percentile Improvement ScoresTrack Rank scores were not significantly correlated with percentile difference scores for either of the GEPA performance scores (see Table 2). Thus, the first hypothesisthat students with more challenging curriculum will experiences more pronounced score improvements than those with less challenging curriculum can be rejected.GEPA SCI Improvement (n=260)GEPA ALA Improvement (n=260)Track Rankr = .099, p = .112R = .057, p =.362Table 2. Correlation of Track Rank with Performance ImprovementTo test the second hypothesis, it was n ecessary first to determine whether some students had higher GPAs and lower Track Ranks, while others had lower GPAs and higher Track Ranks. In fact, Track Rank was significantly correlated with GPA (see Table 3). This indicates that Curriculum difficulty is a strong predictor of GPA, and makes it impossible to test the remainder of the second hypothesis.GPA (n=261)Track Rankr = ..634, p = .000Table 3. Correlation of Track Rank with GPAIn contrast, both GEPA scores were significantly correlated with Track Rank (as shown in Table 2), and with GPA, HPSA and SAT scores (see Table 4). Additional data, such as demographics, would have allowed more lucubrate analysis of this sample. However, with the available evidence, in the current sample, the surest predictor of current performance is past performance.GEPA SCI Improvement (n=260)GEPA ALA Improvement (n=260)HPSAr = .706, p = .000r = .481, p =.000SATr = .500, p=.000r = .407, p=.000GPAr = .383, p=.000r = 4.91, p=.000Table 4. Correlation of GEPA scores with later performanceReferencesAnsalone, G. (2003). Poverty, tracking, and the neighborly construction of failure International perspectives on tracking. Journal of Children and Poverty, 9(1) 3-20.Gamoran, A. (1992). The Variable Effects of High School Tracking. American Sociological Review, 57(6) 812828.Slavin, R.E. (1990). Achievement Effects of Ability Grouping in Secondary Schools A Best-Evidence Synthesis. Review of educational Research, 60(3) 471499.

Relation between jew of malta and merchant of venice Essay Example for Free

Relation between jew of malta and merchant of venice proveThe two novels, Christopher Marlowes The Jew of Malta and William Shakespeares The merchandiser of Venice, the main graphemes are Jews, a characteristic that turn overs the comparison of the books easier. However, the vogue the characters are presented has made the two stories have deep and active anti-Semitic nonions and messages. Right from the beginning of the play, we sack jut some clear ostracize stereotypes towards Jews. Barabbas is undoubtedly portrayed as a man who loves property to an extent that he projectms addicted to them. In the opening, we see a merchant, counting his capital with passion, and later on complaining about not having made enough by his recent business activities. Marlowe straightly defines his whole character and stead by this portrayal, showing us that Barabbas is nothing more than a greedy Jew. As the hi bill progresses and the plot unfolds, the character of Barabbas alike unfo lds, showing us how he doesnt even hesitate doing unethical and heartless things just so that he can protect himself from losing money. When his wealth is taken a counselling, after he refuses to give half of it akin the other Jews did, he unleashes his ruthless effort to regain his wealth.He doesnt hesitate using his daughter to retrieve the gold and jewels he has hidden in his house, and it is meaningful to see how he reacts after Abigail throws him the bags of gold out of the window and he embraces them while ignoring his stimulate daughter. Although this is not the single example of how he puts money over more important things, the particular that he seems to place money above Abigail, his own daughter, shows his world-wide attitude. But of course it doesnt stop there, as apart from his esurient self, he has to quench his thirst for vindicate and execute his plan for retaliation.His plan consists mainly of taking revenge from the man who took away the most precious thing he has, his wealth. That man of course is Ferneze, the governor of Malta. So, Barabbas decides to killing Fernezes son, Lodowick, that way taking the revenge he so passionately seeks. Once again he uses his own daughter as decoy, to execute his plan, showing that she has mainly a functional purpose for him. aft(prenominal) he completes his plan and kills not only Lodowick but also Mathias, the man that his daughter loves, he feels betrayed by his daughter, as she converts to Christianity.I believe that this is where the insanity and sickness of Barabbas reaches a peak. He is determined to kill his own daughter, because he feels that she disrespects her familys name. The epilogue to this madness comes when fin in ally Barabbas bring ins killed by his own offense plots. In the stop of the story we can easily identify the negative characteristics that Barabbas has, which are also strongly connected to the feature that he is Judaic. His elitist nature, his illogical actions that are all driven by his avarice, and his lack of sen clippingnts towards other people, make him take onideally the stereotypes of Jews that existed at the cartridge clip. So, e actually single part of his hateful and insane being, is justified by the fact that he is Jewish, and thus it is natural that he is unstable and inferior to Christians. The next example of anti-Semitic portrayals comes from The Merchant of Venice. The main character, Shylock is portrayed as a greedy Jewish moneylender that is just like Barabbas, when it comes to hate towards Christians and other people in general. He is also a heartless man, not smack pity for anyone, showing a rather sadistic nature.The hate he feels for Antonio is so immense that makes us question to what extent he is actually rational at all. Throughout the development of the plot he seems to hold so many negative values that it is impossible not to make a radio link between his character and the fact that he is a Jew. Just like Marlowe, Shakespeare makes the fact that he is Jewish the root of all evil, as from that very fact all the other negative traits arise. As blossoming mentions in his essay, Shylock is a walking nightmare, and that should be the only way that anyone portrays him. As we can seefrom his speeches, he clearly has a great love for his wealth and he is not jeopardizing his financial rig for any reason. It is not a coincidence that when Jessica runs away with his money, he mostly worries about his wealth and not so much about his daughter. Also, the fact that Jessica had to run away shows that Shylock is far from an ideal father. His speeches also show that he has an extremely negative attitude towards Christians that he justifies as the retaliation for all the antisemitism he has faced. He seems very resentful towards the people that have acted in a bad way towards him and as I mentioned earlier, especially Antonio. So, his actions are mainly driven by his rage and what he thinks as retribution .By the portrayal of Barabbas and Shylock, a logical question approaches. Are the two generators inspired and influenced by racial discrimination and the anti-Semitic ideas of their time? In The Jew of Malta it is hard not to recognize all the negative Jewish stereotypes presented in the form of a very unappealing character, Barabbas. Barabbas is not just an unethical and evil man, he is the classifiable money-loving Jew, with all the disgusting characteristics that the racist society of the two writers has attributed to Jews.Such a racist society had created all these negative stereotyping for Jews, making them seem like greedy monsters. So I find it impossible that Marlowe as an author hasnt been affected and influenced by the stereotypes of his time. That is mainly because in societies that racism towards a specific righteousness is so acceptable, there is very high tolerance for reproduction of such ideas and thus such a portrayal would not arise any questions or hate. Such situation reminds me of what happens with many fictional evil characters like the devil.I doubt that even a single reader would object if a writer attributed evil characteristics to the devil Although it may seem like an oversimplified example, I believe it captures the very essence of the attitude of people at the time. That is, because the society had condemned Jews of being the cause of everything bad. Such portrayals are very similar to what Carl Marx has pen hundreds of years later, describing Jews as mere worshipers of money.Although in our days the Jew of Malta can be viewed as a misanthropic work, I seriously doubt that Marlowe has such an intention, as he characterized it atragedy. It is clear to me that no subject field how anti-Semitism is viewed today after many important events like the Holocaust, the play was influenced by a lot of ghostly racism and prejudice, and Barabbas characteristics were nothing but the actual portrayal of evil Jews as the English at the ti me viewed them. Consequently, Barabbas seems like the epitome of a real Jew, the epitome of evil, greed and lack of conscience. The case is similar in The Merchant of Venice, as Shylock is also portrayed like a perfect example of a Jew, as stereotyped in the Elizabethan times.I personally feel that Shakespeare was also influenced by the general anti-Semitic environment he lived in. Although a verdict of whether he was actually racist in his story is hard to be reached, I find it impossible that a play meant for Christians would not follow the trends of the time. The examples in the story are numerous and clear, straightforwardly proving the position of the Jews. From the fact that the Jews are presented the way they are, up to the suggest that they are forced to convert to Christianity or give up a part of their wealth, it is evident how negative the Jewish religion was as a characteristic.The fact that it was the same thing for the government to gain wealth and convert a Jew, show the deep-rooted hatred against this religious group, and the fact that Christians simply wanted to get rid of them as they viewed them like parasites. Such material body of treatment reminds us, newer generations, of the Nazis and their monstrous acts but at the time of the original play, as aforementioned, racism was perfectly fine Nevertheless, Shakespeare does act in a racist way, if we resume that a writer is judged by what he actually writes.I would strongly doubt that Shakespeare intended to make his play anything similar to a parody or a criticism of stereotypes, and I believe that he expresses what he purely thinks. As we have seen from the two plays, the Jewish protagonists, Barabbas and Shylock have a very negative and unethical personality. Their vile and evil acts, paired with their appalling characters, seem to be the actual description of a negative stereotype towards the Jews.Although it may seem ambiguous whether these portrayals are actual and literal or simply ironic, it is clear to me that the answer is simple. The two authors have no intention at all of criticizing racism and simply portray Jews just as a normal Elizabethan would. So, the two stories, although politically unseasonable and really prejudiced, are the result of truthful portrayals and honest approaches of the description of characters with a Jewish religion. No matter how wrong and inaccurate, these descriptions were made with complete seriousness by writers living in an environment were such sort of prejudice was rooted from many years ago and continued to bloom.

Education Sector Essay Example for Free

pedagogy orbit EssayThe typical Indian classroom was once characterized by students sitting through hour-long instructor monologues. Now, engineering is making life easier for both students and educators. Schools argon increasely adopting digital teaching solutions to engage with a extension of pupils considerably-versed with the likes of PlayStations and iPads, and trying to set the classroom environment much than inclusive and participatory. Take Smartclass from Educomp Solutions, wholeness of the first Indian companies in this space.Smartclass is essenti altogethery a digital content library of curriculum-mapped, multimedia-rich, 3D content. It excessively enables teachers to quickly measure how much of a particular lesson students hire been able to assimilate during the class. Once a topic is covered, the teacher gives the class a set of questions on a large screen. Each student then answers via a personal answering device or the smart assessment system. The teac her gets the scores right external and based on that, she repeats parts of the lesson that the students dont appear to produce grasped.Technology makes the teaching- learnedness process very easy and interesting, says Harish Arora, a chemistry teacher at the Bal Bharti Public School in New Delhi who has been using Smartclass since 2004. For instance, earlier it would easily sham me unitary full lecture to on the button draw an electromagnetic cell on the blackboard. Though I could explain the cell structure, there was no way I could have managed to show them how it re al acey functions. This is where engineering comes to our aid now I can show the students a 3D model of the cell and how it functions. kind of of wasting precious time drawing the diagram on the blackboard, I can invest it in building the conceptual clarity of my students. According to Abhinav Dhar, conductor for K-12 at Educomp Solutions, more than 12,000 schools crosswise 560 districts in India have adopted S martclass. More importantly, the number is growing at almost 20 schools a day. On average, in each of these schools eight classrooms are using Smartclass. When we launched Smartclass in 2004 as the first-ever digital classroom program, it was an uphill parturiency convincing schools to adopt it, Dhar notes. These schools had not witnessed any change in a century.It is a completely unlike scenario now. Private schools across India today see applied science as an imperative. A digital classroom is set to have the bare-minimum teaching portalory in schools, just like a blackboard is today. Dhar recalls that one major barricade for Educomps proposition in the early days was on the price front. At US$4,000 (at the exchange deem of Rs. 50 to a U. S. dollar) per classroom, schools found the product very expensive. To get over this hurdle, Educomp quickly decided to make the initial investment and gave the schools an option to pay over a period of threesome to five historic period. The schema worked. Enthused by the market response, in January Educomp launched an upgraded version the Smartclass Class Transformation System with more features, including simulations, mind maps, worksheets, clear links, a diagram maker, graphic organizers and assessment tools. Huge Potential According to the Indian Education expanse Outlook Insights on Schooling Segment, a report released by New Delhibased research and consultancy securely Technopak Advisors in May, the total number of schools in India stands at 1. 3 one million million. Of these, mysterious schools reckon for 20%.Educomps Dhar points tabu that single near 10% of the private schools have tapped the potential of multimedia classroom teaching whereas in policy-making relation schools, it has barely do any inroads. The on-going market size of it for digitized school products in private schools is around US$500 million, says Enayet Kabir, associate director for bringing up at Technopak. This is expe cted to grow at a CAGR compound annual growth rate of 20% to reach the over US$2 billion mark by 2020. However, the market potential then might get as big as US$4 billion i. e.if the total population of private schools that could adopt multimedia actually adopt it. Apart from this, the current market size for ICT information and communications technology in government schools is US$750 million. We expect this to grow five quantify by 2020 due to the current low level of penetration in government schools. Kabir lists Educomp Solutions, Everonn Education, NIIT, Core Education Technologies, ILFS and Compucom as dominant players in this sector. New entrants include HCL Infosystems, Learn Next, Tata Interactive Systems, Mexus Education, S.Chand Harcourt (India) and iDiscoveri Education.Except for S. Chand Harcourt, which is a articulate venture between S. Chand and US-based Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, all the an new(prenominal)(prenominal)s are Indian firms. A modern trend is that s chools in point two and floor three cities are increasingly adopting the latest technology. Rajesh Shethia, head of sales and marketing at Tata Interactive Systems, which launched Tata ClassEdge in early 2011 and has partnered up with more than 900 schools, says that more than half of the demand for digital classrooms is from tier two and tier three cities. According to Shethia, schools in these smaller cities realize that it is difficult for their students to get as much exposure as students from tier one cities. So they proactively subscribe to solutions such(prenominal) as ours, which richly avail both teachers and students by simplifying the syllabus. Even farms want the best for their wards and are not averse to paying a little extra. They see value in these initiatives by schools to modernize the way teaching is imparted today. Making rough back-of-the-envelope calculations Shethia adds If we consider the top 100,000 private schools in India as the captive market, the pot ential is approximately two million classrooms of which currently just about 80,000 have been digitized. Srikanth B. Iyer, COO of Pearson Education Services, also sees tremendous potential in the smaller cities. Pearson provides end-to-end reading solutions in the K-12 segment. Its multimedia tool, DigitALly, has been adopted in more than 3,000 private schools across India since 2004.DigitALly installations have been growing at three multiplication the market for the past two years, Iyer says. Currently, more than 60% of our customers are from tier two and tier three towns, such as Barpeta (in the democracy of Assam), Sohagpur (in Madhya Pradesh) and Balia (in Uttar Pradesh). In order to make its offering attractive to the schools, Pearson has devised a monthly payment model under which a school pays around US$2 per student per month. As the price point is affordable, schools across all locations and fee structures find it viable to opt for our solution, Iyer notes.We focus on t ier two and tier three towns and cities where penetration is relatively low and desire for adoption of technology is high. HCLs Digischool program, which launched about 18 months ago, has also made a strong beginning, with a client base of more than 2,500 schools. Partnering with State Governments Meanwhile, distinguish governments are also giving a boost to the adoption of technology in schools. Edureach, a divison of Educomp, has partnered with 16 state governments and more than 30 educational activity departments and boards in the country, covering over 36,000 government schools and reaching out to more than 10.60 million students. Edureach leads the market with 27% of the total schools where ICT projects have been implemented, says Soumya Kanti, president of Edureach. We are looking to add 3,000 more schools this fiscal year and 20,000 to 25,000 additional schools in the next five years. As of now, Edureach has created digital learning content in more than 14 regional langu ages for these projects. In the northern state of Haryana, CORE Education and Technologies is implementing a US$59 million ICT project that aims to benefit 5 million students across 2,622 schools.Five of these schools will be developed as Smart schools. CORE is also implementing ICT projects in the states of Gujarat, Meghalaya, Punjab, Maharashtra and Nagaland. The scope of work in these projects ranges from murder of computer-aided learning in schools, installing bio-metric devices to monitor attendance of teachers, and setting up computer hardware, software and other allied accessories and equipments. The task has not been an easy one, admits Anshul Sonak, president of CORE. There are several logistical issues. manner of speaking of equipment to rural areas is a big challenge in itself. There is lack of basic infrastructure either there are no classrooms or there are ones with no windows. Some schools dont even have toilets. Moreover, the power availability in these areas is of ten poor and we have had to deploy generator sets in many an(prenominal) schools. only if despite the challenges, educationists are optimistic. Rahul De, professor of quantitative methods and information systems area at the Indian constitute of Management in Bangalore (IIM-B) believes that ICT can have a huge impact on our education system. He points out that ICT can result in increasing the reach of education and in keeping the speak tos low. With increasing penetration of mobile phones and Internet kiosks, the potential is indeed immense, he adds. A study conducted by De in 2009 on the economic impact of free and open source software (FOSS) in India found that it resulted in significant cost savings. FOSS can play a huge role in education, De notes. In the state of Kerala, it has already had a huge impact in both saving costs and providing state-of-the-art access computing to students in government schools.FOSS has a huge number of packages for school students, many of which can be ported to local languages and used in schools. It is also helping disabled students in a big way, by enabling them to access digital resources using audio-visual aids. Edureachs Kanti adds that a study by the Centre for Multi-Disciplinary Development search in Dharwad in Karnataka in 2006 revealed significant improvement in student enrolment and attendance, as strong as a reduction of student dropouts due to ICT interventions.Yet another study conducted by the Xavier show of Management in Bhubaneswar in 2007 revealed that computer-aided education has improved the performance of children in subjects such as English, mathematics and science, which are taught through computers using multimedia-based educational content. All in a Tab In flexure with this increasing interest in technology for school education, there has been a rush of education-focused tablet computers in the market. The most high-profile of these has been Aakash, which was launched by Kapil Sibal, union min ister for human resource teaching, in October 2011.The Aakash project is part of the ministrys home(a) Mission on Education through Information Communication Technology (NME-ICT). It aims to eliminate digital illiteracy by distributing the Aakash tablets to students across India at subsidized rates. While the project itself has become mired in delays and controversy, it has generated a lot of ken and interest among students around the educational tablet. Meanwhile, DataWind, the Canada-based firm that partnered with the union government for the Aakash project, has also launched UbiSlate7, the commercialised version of Aakash.The opportunity for low-cost tablets in India is huge. In the next two years, it will exceed the size of the computer market in India i. e. 10 million units per year, says Suneet Singh Tuli, president and chief executive officer of DataWind. In April, technology firm HCL Infosystems launched the MyEdu Tab, which is priced at around US$230 for the K-12 ver sion. The device comes preloaded with educational applications and also books from the National Council of Educational Research and Training, a government organization.Anand Ekambaram, senior vice-president and head of learning at HCL Infosystems, is in the process of partnering with more than 30 educational institutes across India for MyEdu Tab. MyEdu Tab has content offline and can be accessed over the cloud. It allows students to learn at their own pace, Ekambaram notes. With a topic revision application and a self-assessment engine, students can evaluate their skills and familiarity on their own. Teachers can transfer content, which can be accessed by students and parents for tasks such as homework and progress reports on their respective devices.The parent can monitor the progress of his or her child through the cloud-based ecosystem. Earlier this year, Micromax, a leading Indian handset manufacturer, also launched an edutainment device called Funbook. Micromax has also part nered with Pearson and Everonn to make available relevant content for students. Susha backside, director and CEO at Everonn, was upbeat at the launch. Digital learning facilitated through tablets will revolutionize the educational space, John said. Everonn has invested in developing content and services targeted toward tablet audiences.To start with, we will offer our school curriculum-learning modules and at home stick up tuition products on the Funbook. Students can now have access to good teachers, educational content and a great learning experience anytime, anywhere. At Pearson, Max Gabriel, senior vice-president and chief technology officer, is focusing on K-12 content in English to begin with. We are sitting on a huge repository of existing content. Adding the right level of interactivity and richer experience will be our priority. Meanwhile, Educomp is gearing up to launch content that is device agnostic and can be run on any tablet. But even as schools in India are going through this transformation powered by technology, one key question is how big a role technology will play in the education sector. In an earlier interview with India emailprotected, S. Sadagopan, founder-director at the International Institute of Information Technology in Bangalore, pointed out that there are four parts to learning lectures, library, laboratory and life noting that, Technology plays a circumstantial role in all these. Kabir of Technopak adds another perspective. Despite numerous studies on the impact of ICT in education, the outcomes die hard difficult to measure and open to much debate. It unavoidably to be understood that technology is only an enabler and a force multiplier and cannot be treated as a panacea. We believe that impressive gains in teaching-learning outcomes are possible only through an integrated advance rather than a piecemeal intervention. Don Huesman, managing director of Whartons innovation group, recommends caution in considering potent ial investments in educational technologies.These are very exciting times for online and distance education technologies, but there are risks facing parents, educators and policy makers in evaluating the opportunities these new technologies, and their proponents, represent. Huesman points to the recent growth in high-quality, free, online educational courseware offered on websites like the Khan Academy and the Math Forum, as well as the work of the Open Learning Initiative in developing intelligent cognitive tutors and learning analytics.But such technologies, available from a global network of resources, only provide value when understood, chosen and integrated into a local educational community, he says. As an illustration, Huesman offers the example of cyber kiosks, provided in recent years by foundations at no cost to rural communities in India, exacerbating the gender divide in many traditional communities in which girlish women congregating at unexclusive cyber cafes, also frequented by young men, would be considered taboo. Interventions by governments and NGOs must be inclusive of local community concerns and aware of local political complications, Huesman notes.Globalization Impact on Education by Satish Tandon, September 2005 The principal objective of education has been the development of the whole individual. The minimum level of education that was necessary to achieve this goal in the agrarian family was basic or master(a) and in the industrial age, secondary. In the present borderless information hostelry, education needs to be able to respond to additional demands of a rapidly globalizing world by raising awareness of environment, peace, cultural and social diversity, increased competitiveness, and the concept of a global village.Such education is to a knowledge or information society what secondary education was to an industrial economy. Education prepares the individual to connect and live in harmony with the environment around him. Gl obalization has changed the size, nature and quality of that environment. The challenge for higher(prenominal) education, therefore, is to reform, create and develop systems that prepare the individual to work in a borderless economy and live in a global society. In other words, our educational institutions need to produce global citizens.The collapse of the Soviet sodality in 1991 allowed liberal democracies to claim victory for the capitalist system and contributed to increasing the pace of globalization that was already under way. As globalization gained momentum, market substituted political ideology as the dominant force directional national and global policies. What followed next, therefore, does not seem so illogical. National governments everywhere partly in conformation to the ascendancy of the market and partly in response to pressure from the private sector to expand their sphere of activities began to relinquish control over the delivery of social goods.Everything b egan to be viewed as a commodity that could be produced and delivered by the private sector in line with market forces and according to the principles of supply and demand. One by one water, electricity, postal services, health, and now education, have been turned into a commodity. The withdrawal of state from higher education has also been helped by economists, who have had an overly simple way of assessing the return on investments in higher education. The basic problem is that they have measured the return on education exclusively through hire differentials.With reference to someone who has no education, someone who has been to primary school, someone who has completed secondary school, and someone with a university degree, one can ask how much more each earns than the previous. These differences are then compared to the incremental amounts invested in their education to find the return. The results generally suggest that higher education yields a lower return than primary or s econdary education and they have been used to justify the skewing of government budgets and development funds off from higher education institutions.The rate of return calculations are flawed because they do not take account of the full range of benefits to those who receive higher education. For example, higher education can enhance health, openness, peace, and social development, and at the same time reduce disease, bigotry and blind nationalism so the private benefits to the individual and to society are not just the direct labour productivity benefits, as the rate of return analysis suggests. Higher education confers benefits above and beyond enhancing the incomes of those who receive it.And many of these benefits take the form of humans goods, such as the contribution of higher education to enterprise, leadership, governance, culture, and participatory democracy, and its potential for lifting the disadvantaged out of poverty. These are all vital building blocks for stronge r economies and societies and all routes by which the benefit of investment in higher education multiplies passim society. Liberal democracies have traditionally operated on the principle of separation of activities in the social sphere just as they have on the principle of separation of powers in the political sphere.The private sector had been habituated a relatively free hand in the production and delivery of economic goods while the state concentrated on the provision of healthcare, education and other infrastructure goods, also known as public goods. Globalization has changed all that. The rapid expansion of the influence of the private sector at the global level necessitated a corresponding expansion in their sphere of activities by diversifying into the production and delivery of public goods that had forever been within the purview of the state.The takeover was swift and remarkable in the sense that the effort did not chance on much resistance. One of the major consequen ces of the globalization of education has been commodification and the corporatization of institutions of higher learning. It is said that the for-profit education market in the United States is worth more than $500 billion in revenue for the involved corporates. More than one thousand state schools have been handed over to corporations to be run as businesses.But there is a fundamental problem with the way business models have been applied to the delivery of education and other public goods. Unthinking adoption of the private sector model prevents the development of a meaningful approach to management in the public services in general or to the social services in particular based on their distinctive purposes, conditions and objectives. There is another, more serious, problem with corporatization of education. Corporations operate on the principles of cost reduction and profit maximization.These require introducing standardization and the packaging of product in compact, measurable , byte-like, configuration. Applied to education, these approaches would possibly run afoul its basic fabric and purpose. Education has always encouraged and represents openness, inquiry, diversity, research and limitless learning. Corporatization of education would make it elitist the one provided by corporations for the masses and the poor who cannot afford going to the traditional institutions of learning, and the other for the rich and the affluent.The delivery of public goods and services is and should remain the primary responsibility of the state. Representative government may not be the rarified or perfect arrangement for governance but it represents the best that is available, and certainly more desirable than the private sector management of public services such as education. If the state relinquishes its control over education and education policy, we run the risk of diminishing it to the status of a packaged for-profit product which it is not. Openness, diversity, sch olarship, research and magnanimous learning will be its biggest victims.

Personal Statement Essay Example for Free

Personal Statement EssayMy phone is Chi Chen Hsieh from Taiwan. In my whole life i never be a super-student who is academically ingenious. Im more proud about what Ive achieved, and I take pride in my success. When you take a look at the world I come from, maybe youd be impressed by me, the student who has came from very far away from the United state, the boy who spends his whole gamy educate years learn how to speak English and completes an honest number of volunteer hours. The world I come from is much different than what the numbers and letters may portray because those numbers are sexual relation to everyone around me. But my world is unique and my success is genuine. Since the beginning of mellow school, Ive had to shape more or less of my path on my own while breaking down academic barriers.I graduated from a middle school at Taiwan and I did not do well on the high school entrance exam over there so i decided to study in America. Obviously I was underprepared for hi gh school compared to other international students. Nonetheless, when given the option to challenge myself as a freshman, I did. I struggled through every courses and even had to repeat a half of semester of of age(predicate) Testament ( an religious course) because I could not speak any English. I had been home sick for a lot of time in a year and my parents and teachers were very upset about my performance at school. So by the time I changed my high school in my sophomore year, I was rightfully happy that I did change to another boarding school, because it is a smaller school and have a lot of people from all over the world. I start working hard and social with a lot of people from different countries. At the end of my junior year, I become the International students prefect by the head of the school. Receiving this honor was meaningful because it showed that I had taught myself how to succeed.My situation at home was different as well. entirely of my family went to the top col leges in Taiwan, and though they have always encouraged me to attend to the top colleges in USA. The litigate has been very challenging as Ive needed to find the resources and information about colleges mostly on my own because the application system is different from Taiwan . At my high school, being the first coevals in your family to go to college in USA immediately makes you the minority, regardless of ethnicity. But i found a lot of support from my school, I asked a lot of teachers about colleges. They all gave me a lot of wind so I finally decide what colleges I am interesting and study business as a measure. I am really happy that I can graduate from this high school because, I understand that my high school teaches more than just English, they teaches me how to challenge myself and be successful.The academic struggles Ive faced in my world have geared me toward attending college and pursuing a career thereafter. wakeless things are given to those who work hard, like the International prefect spot I received. I know that difficulties and challenges arise, save I also know that theres always a way to break the barrier. wherever I go, Ill take advantage of every opportunity Im given because Ive already proven to myself that I can be successful, even if the odds are against me.

The food Pip Essay Example for Free

The nutrition rack up EssayMagwitch had been sent to Australia to work, and if he ever returned to Britain he would be sentenced for death. Pip did not expect a convict to be his benefactor he couldnt image such a dirty, poor, old man to add him that much amount of money. He wanted to get rid of Magwitch as soon as possible. however flog develops a real affection for Magwitch. Magwitch tell pip about Compeyson the man who make throw away Havisham the way she is. Pip gradually breaks fond of Magwitch. Pip tries to help Magwitch by smuggling him out of capital of the United Kingdom by ocean.As they were doing this they were being watched by Compeyson- who is terrified of Magwitch. As they are about to get on to the steamer, Magwitch fights Compeyson the two men fall in to the sea in the struggle Compeyson drowns. Pip dives in to the sea to rescue Magwitch. Once they are on dry land the escape failed and Magwitch is found guilty of reverting to England. He was sentenced to d eath and he was dying anyway. He had caught something in the polluted sea he swallowed the dirty water and became ill. Pip nurses Magwitch and starts to love Magwitch.Pip learns that Magwitch grew up without parents in a brutal society. edict did little for him. He blames society it forced him into becoming involved with some dodgy people. By Magwitch reversive pip realises that he has mistreated those who were truly dear to him, alike(p) Joe who is always faithful towards Pip. The courts are incompetent of showing compassion. Magwitch came back to Britain out of love for Pip. Eventually Pip learns that Magwitch has been generous towards him so he feels the convey to return it. Pip realises that Magwitch is also human.Pip understands the true depth of the sacrifice that Magwitch has made for him. Pip is made to un-learn every thing that he has learnt to re-discover the importance of human relations. Dickens gave pip a chance to become more than he is only to have reverted back to the old kind and pleasant Pip. Pip learns that he cannot change who he is inside from Magwitch. Magwitch uses Pip as his revenge on Society. He uses pip like a doll and moulded it into a gentleman. Compeyson got a lighter sentence because of his status he wanted pip to have the same advantage.Dickens tries to tell us something about the legal system at the measure in the twentieth century. However Magwitch s motives were not only revenge but also gratitude for the food Pip gave him. Pip could have turned a blind eye to Magwitch when he was in his moment of need. Magwitch develops a fatherly affection towards Pip. Magwitch relates pip to his daughter who he lost. Magwitch though that his little girl had been killed but pip told him that she was well and he was in love with her. Magwitch teaches pip that there are two meanings keister the term Gentleman 1. Is the status and class.

Interview with the first gentleman Essay Example for Free

Interview with the first human race Es positMANILA -My news editor asked me to interview the husband of the highest official of the land, Mr. Miguel Mike Arroyo. On the day appointed, I was whisked in to the Mala stubang palace, where after the formalities, i. e. , being frisked by presidential guards in combat fatigues, I was shown in to the Philippines equivalent of the Oval Office. Mr. Arroyo rose to shake my hand. He was not tall, but immense, very fat, and had a world-weary air about him. With him was an old man wearing glasses, who introduced himself as Jess Santos, a lawyer and the premier worlds spokessomebody. The interview went on as followsQ I hear youve been busy these days, filing libel cases against some journalists. Jess Yes, that is correct. You get by these newspaper guys, theyre a pain in the ass. Always noisy. But of course you cant help it. We live in a democracy, and the Philippines is the most democratic in Asia. I trust youll agree. But when they at tack the eldest Gentleman, utilize all kinds of defamatory imputation, using the media to spread these consists and calumniate and cytologic smear him so as to blemish his clean and untainted reputation, he has to fight back. And theres zipper wrong in using the solicits to seek justice. (The commencement ceremony Gentleman nods gravely.)Q Are there any truths to these so-called lies against the First Gentleman? Jess Oh, no None at all. This allegation about unexplained wealth, its absurd. It isnt wrong to be rich, you know. But the main point here, which you must not miss, and should be emphasized in your column or whatever, is that Mr. Arroyo is a gentleman. I mean, a gentleman in the real sense of the word. You take overt see a gentleman everyday, do you? He is very dignified, punctilious of honor, the epitome of chivalry, gallantry, and respect. (The First Gentleman nods, dozing off. ) Q Is it true he d ared the lawyer of a defendant to a fistfight in court?(The First G entleman opens his eyes, looks at me, but says zero point. ) Jess Well, you know how it is with honorable men equal the First Gentleman. They are very sensitive when their honor is brought to ridicule. And in order to preserve his honor and integrity, it is but normal for the First Gentleman to react in his defense by calling the offending party to a fight, which shows that the First Gentleman is not a pushover, nor is he a weakling, but a chivalrous man like the knights of old who were not afraid to do battle to defend their honor. Q I see. What about his rumored liaison with a pretty woman, allegedly his secretary?Jess (assuming a pained expression) enthrall, please, do not dignify such(prenominal) baseless, venomed accusations. The First Gentleman would never enter into an unchaste relationship with a woman other than his wife, the President, because a true gentleman will never entertain any immoral thought, much more an extramarital affair with a woman. (The First Gentleman looks at the ceiling as if remembering something. ) Q According to a columnist, the First Gentleman stayed in a $20,000 suite at Caesars Palace in Las Vegas when he went there to watch the fight between your Manny Pacquiao and Erik Morales.Jess That is not true. I doubt if you can find such a room in Las Vegas. And even if he did, the expenses may have been paid by friends. You know the First Gentleman, he has friends from high places. Q Well, I admit I dont know him that much. And I notice he isnt saying anything. Can I interview him? Jess Oh, sure. Theres nothing to worry about him. He is the perfect gentleman. Q Well, sir, could you react to the accusation that you have a secret coast account in Germany? FG (unsmiling)Who told you that? Q Well, its on the papers, sir.Just trying to get your reaction firsthand. FG Well, um, its a lot of shit, I mean, whoever wrote that article is an asshole, I mean, he must be an enemy of the state to say such matters. Why, I know, being the Fir st Gentleman, that there are continuing threats to our national security. Q I too hear this issue was brought up by a certain Congressman Cayetano who is now running for Senator. And this person has challenged you to issue a waiver so that he could prove whos telling the truth. FG (scowling). The worthless scumbag villain Bloody foolPardon me, but I cant help myself. You see, this person has been using his parliamentary immunity to attack me at every turn. Im sick of him. But I wont be dragged into this controversy. Q He also says you brought 50 million pesos in a pearly in Mindanao to buy votes in the last election where your wife won as President. FG That is a lie Dont believe the goddam son of a gun Q And he has just issued a public statement that he is daring you to engage him in a debate at substance Miranda to show who is telling the truth. FG The nerve I will not stoop down to his level.If he wants, I challenge him to a fistfight (rolls up his sleeves). Q He also says you are crook and a prevaricator and an adulterer. FG (roaring). He said that? Tell him to just wait. Tomorrow Ill file twenty counts of libel against him.I have fifty lawyers to work on that. Jess Now there, there, please dont get excited. A gentleman is never riled up. FG Tell him I will get his goddam ass Jess Please sir, youre a real gentleman. FG I know that, I know. And Ill prove to the =* guy that Im a *%4 man of honor (end of interview).

Competition Energy Drinks Essay Example for Free

Competition Energy Drinks EssayThe sw wholeow industry, the likes of most food service industries in these economical times, faces many challenges. Not one company is excluded from the challenges of economic conditions, demographics, social and global forces, and regulatory, political, and legal factors. The global economic conditions affect the talent drink industry in many slipway. This industry depends highly on the disposable income of its customers. People are precise cautious with their gold these days and if additional income does non exist to purchase these items, so the companies suffer. In recent projections, however, this does not have the appearance _or_ semblance to be the case. The global industry factors show a projected growth of $20 trillion in gross sales between 2009 and 2014, and demand for these alternative beverages is expected to increase globally as customer buying power increases. Social factors play an important part in the industrys strategy, as head. With customers implicated with healthy lifestyles and exercise, the alternative beverage industry has increased sales in the last decade.Customers demanding low calorie, energy vitamin-enhancing drinks turn to these types of beverages for their needs instead of carbonated dotty drinks. Alternative drinks are consumed by a little(a) demographic. These products are generally partd by young adults, college and high school students, athletes and exercise aficionados. Another pegleg of these drinks are the energy shots, which have become very popular in the last decade. With brisk lawmaking and changing regulations, it is very important for companies to stay abreast of all changes.There has been an increase in ostracize reports on what affects energy drinks have on people that use them, from high blood pressure to arrhythmia, which as forced nearly companies to include warning labels on their packaging. There is also a concern with the white plague of these drinks c ontributing to the obesity issue, many of these drinks contain high fructose corn syrup, and many additives that gutter gift to weight gain if consumption is not limited. Competition is fierce in this industry not provided between the two biggest competitors, Coca-Cola company and PepsiCo Inc., but also Red Bull GmbH, Hansen Natural smoke and in camera owned regional patsys.The two major companies, Pepsi and Coca Cola, are pie-eyed competitors within the alternative beverage market and use some(prenominal) the introduction of new products as well as the introduction of breathing products in new markets to increase sales. Pepsi has introduced several new products Charge, Rebuild, and Defend three new brands available to consumers elicit in vitamin-enhanced drink alternatives. Pepsi has also recently agreed to distribute the Rockstar brand drinks in Canada and the United States.Coca-Cola Companys strategy is to distribute their existing brands in the new markets of Japan, South Korea, Hong Kong and other Asia/Pacific countries. In order to contend with these two major companies, Red Bull relies on sponsorships and promotion as well as reputation endorsements. By using advertising in this manner, Red Bull is able to use its slogans and logos in a variety of ways to get their name out into the public. Hansen Natural Corporation utilizes a different approach to boost sales. This company increased their package size and still maintain a competitive price compared to Red Bull.Like Red Bull, Hansen also uses celebrity promotion and sponsorship as a marketing tool. This is not to say that PepsiCo Inc. and Coca-Cola Company do not utilize this method of advertising, as they both spend billions on advertising promotions, celebrity, and sporting endorsements. The competitive edge in this case lies with PepsiCo Inc. , whose sales of energy and alternative beverages have surpassed its competitors in the past few years. New entrants are not a strong competiti ve pressure for this industry.The dominating companies are unsurpassed in their strong brand name resounding and great distribution channels. The industry is fully saturated. These factors make it difficult for new companies to compete against them. Any new company wanting to get into this industry would face high capital start-up expenditures and would surely fail collect to the high cost. Substitution of products is also an area where the competitive force is low. With brand loyalty, the market for substitution is very low. Consumers want the brands they are used and wont accept substitution.Suppliers for the industry do not grasp much competitive pressure either. Suppliers to this industry are bottling equipment manufactures and secondary packaging suppliers. The suppliers have little negociate power, as the two major brands own their own bottling centers. As discussed earlier, changes in this industrys semipermanent growth rate is a positive one. Growth is high in this marke t and is expected to go on to grow. One of the reasons for this is the increasing globalization. Coke is expanding its operations to be more global as are some of its competitors.The changing spectrum of the customer base is not really a factor here. Most of the demographic has not changed much since the introduction of these alternative beverages. Marketing and innovation has to continue to grow so that the company buns grow. Regulatory influences and government policy changes are a huge factor in this industry. As the customers call for increased legislation and regulation of the ingredients, the companies have to make adjustments to their drink formulas, and this could prove costly if not monitored closely. participation is constantly changing and this industry needs to transition with these changes. By the introduction of new products and the re-tooling of existing products, all of the competitors can be successful. This industry has several success factors, product marketing, product differentiation, brand name, a strong distribution network and the ability to adapt to change. PepsiCo Inc. and Coca-Cola Company have strong aspects of all of these factors which is what has made both of them so successful.PepsiCo Inc.has branched into the food market as well as remaining in the soft drink and alternative beverage markets. Coke has had a similar strategy and relies heavily on their brand name and product recognition. All of the companies have unique and successful marketing techniques such as sponsorships, promotions, and celebrity endorsements. In order to achieve a successful strategic plan, a company needs to founder a group of people to discuss the goals and objectives of their company, sometimes called a task force.The task force should then decide what the companys goals and objectives are. By drafting Mission and Vision statements, this task force can begin to convey their goals and objectives. Strategic planning is an on-going task for every compa ny. When a plan is established the writ of execution and monitoring phases begin. To be successful a company should be constantly monitoring its goals and objectives and changing them when the need arises. With competition so high in this industry, a strong strategic plan is critical.In think these companies one can see that their plans are very strong. In order to continue to grow and compete in this market all companies need to look forward at the changing times, attitudes and cultures. All of the companies in this market, as with any market, need to maintain their competitive advantage and find new and different ways to achieve it. A comprehensive action plan needs to be put into place and reviewed often. By doing this all companies have a split up chance at keeping their competitive advantage and enjoying better profits for their shareholders.

The relationships between happiness and money Essay Example for Free

The relationships between contentment and money EssayThe Relationship between Money and raptureIf money doesnt buy happiness, what does? Many people believe that having more money is going to appoint them happier in biography, but does money re eithery provide true happiness? After reading the course Yes, Money stop buy happiness, by John Tierney, explains that people are more often to be happier when they spend money on others rather than spend money on themselves. In my opinion galore(postnominal) people believe having more money will make their lives happier and free of all worries. In my life money has provided food, clothing, and shelter our basics needs in life but I came to a certainty where my satisfactory is not generous.I complain that I need more money and that it will unclutter all the solution to my problems. But in reality money is never going to be enough to buy my happiness in life, because the more we have the more we need and want. For example, I went shopping to the fortification outlets with my family, less than a few hours I spend about four hundred dollars. I looked at other people and I wish I had more money to spend in value to feel enjoyment and more satisfaction. Then, I look into my partner eyes and say to him, I reckon with money you can become selfish, destructive and greedy but on the other hand it can help you discover a world you never knew because we all know money can rotate the doors to many objects in life. Such as, having the opportunity to explore the world, to have all the materials in life.Furthermore, I do agree that buying does bring happiness to everybody in that moment. After, that I disagree it would bring 100% happiness in life because money does not buy love, passion, pureness, and what life is all about. In the end it all depends on your approach to life and how you see money and the relationship with it.

IPSec Tunnel and transport Modes Essay Example for Free

IPSec Tunnel and transport Modes EssayComputer entanglementing security is wizard of the primary concerns of any network systems. In this case, protecting the data transferred between channels should be a primary concern for any entities that use networking. This article will discuss IPSec Tunnel and Transport Modes. IPsec is shortsighted for Internet Protocol Security. This is a special suite to secure the Internet protocol data transfers and parley by encrypting each packet of data stream. IPsec may also include protocols so that mutual credentials can be established between any agents during sessions of data transfers. One of the main reasons why IPsec is apply is to protect the integrity of data that flows from one channel to another, say for example between a information processing system and a user or a computer to a server. What is IPSec transport temper? In this mode, provided the payload or the data that the user transfers is encrypted for authentication (Techne t Microsoft, 2005). The routing of data in this mode is intact so there is no modification possible. The transport schemes are always secured by a hash. Transport mode is commonly utilized for host-to-host transfers and communications.On the other hand, with the IPsec tunnel mode, the whole of the IP packet is encrypted and authenticated in the beginning communications happen (Technet Microsoft, 2005). It is encased into a newly generated IP packet with a new header. Usually, tunnel more is used to build a Virtual Private Network for such a network to network communications or host to network communications. The tunnel mode can be utilise to any of the following Windows Server 2003, Windows Server 2003 R2, Windows Server 2003 with SP1, Windows Server 2003 with SP2 (Technet Microsoft, 2005).

Structure And Culture Ikea And Lego Commerce Essay

Structure And Culture Ikea And Lego craft EssayIn this assignment I am meant to be take a craping for an formation holding a trainee direction consultant and at the end of my training I have to submit a narrative. My report ordain be just about dickens private giving medications where I discuss their organize and culture, how it affects the business performance. I excessively need to research how each union deals with their employees and problems faced with employees. An classic figure is picked for each play along and have discussed the leadership style used by both(prenominal). In addition I explore the unequivocal memory accesses which ar being used in the companys and the variant techniques to management used by each organization. In my PowerPoint presentation, I offer a consultation to my client organization on motivational theories and effective team educate. acknowledgementI Sayarah Saleem confirm and acknowledge the position that this assignment was done b y me alone. I have researched and canvass the tasks given and have given the references from where I have obtained the information.Exe tightenive SummaryThe ii private organizations that I have chosen atomic number 18 IKEA and LEGO in my report because I phone its they are good examples of describing the structure and culture of each organization. They are both different in their own counsel , with how they deal with employee issues and how the organization is run. One is family oriented and the other , which got an outsider as a CEO in 2004 in launch to change the company around.Table of Contents p positiontariat 11.Report1.1 Analyze the structure and culture if the two organizations. In your analysis you have to engage in a comparison and contrasting of their structure and culture.1.2 that clearly evaluate how the structure of each company supports its culture and how this relationship effects business performance.1.3 look for and state what each company does in enjoin to identify and solve employee behavioral problems.2. Understand different approaches to management and leadership.2.1 Select a prominent figure one from each company and compare the forte of their leadership styles.2.2 How to the two companies practice the classical approach to management.2.3 Evaluate the different approaches to management used by the two organizations. In discussing your answer you have to use your knowledge on contingency approach to management.Task 2PresentationReferences BibliographyTask 1Task 1ReportUnderstand the relationship betwixt organizational structure and cultureIKEA LEGO1.1Lego began in the early 1930s by a gentleman named Ole Kirk Kristiansen and cashbox date kept with the family, passed on by generation to the next generation. Lego has been named twice the move of the century and has keep the toy, the building brick. The organizational structure that Lego uses which best suits them is the functional structure, this structure is around widely used by companies. Basic whollyy the company has different departments to which they have delegated people to, and liberty chits of that department according to the function. Some of these departments are Sales, Accounts, production development etc. Using this structure allows them to show the pyramid of hierarchy. It gives a clear view of the organizational chart and who are at the highest rank. Lego being establish in so many a(prenominal) countries uses a divisional structure which consists of three segments, and these are market, product and geographical.The other company which I have chosen to crumble is IKEA. IKEA was founded in 1943 by Ingvar Kamprad . IKEA is the worlds biggest furniture company that concentrates on innovative, fashionable furniture at inexpensive prices. Mr. Kamprad didnt necessitate any normal organizational structure for the company, instead he formed a complex carcass of foundations, holding companies and trusts. The companys structure so divided into three for each of his son. The reason he did this was to prevent taxs and also to come to sure that the company would not be divided due to family dispute. In actual fact IKEA is being held by a foundation which has a group under them that controls the companies that runs IKEAs individual(a) operations. Between the two companies it is evident that while one has a typical corporate structure , the other is so affiliated in creating equality amongst the family and a fool proof method to ensure that the company will not be divided in the future.1.2The same way that Ikea has created their organizational structure they have also support the company culture by sharing that they not just extremity to hire people notwithstanding have a chance of bringing in unique individuals to share the same values of the company. To influence them savour as they are all associates in the company. Not only does IKEA evaluate the person based on skills and expertise but also if they have the s ame culture as IKEA themselves. The assumption is that skills are easier to develop than personalizedity traits, attitudes and values This in return names happier employees who feel as if they are working for their own. Employees who same, themselves want to buy furniture, take it home and assemble at home will also make the customers feel the same. Lego on the other hand concentrated on their Danish values of hard work , modesty and teamwork. They look after their employees with respect and high standards, also incorporating global principles for those working overseas. Lego has always been strict about following all laws, rules and regulations in the countries they are in. Their employees in return offer their company which is so by and large respected , great service, hard work and offer nothing but the best to their customers.1.3 There are several different leadership methods which companies take on, IKEA however have not confined themselves to one limited method, instead taken the best parts of each method and combined their own. There is the Autocratic style, which is the canonical team and supervisor style, Democratic , which allows the employee to think and make decisions on behalf of the company. Laissez Faire , where employees are given few guidelines and limits to filter out activities , which gives them freedom but may result in less productive work. Consultative is like the democratic style, very alike. Finally we have paterna inclinationic where the manager , supervisor has tough ideas where he will require input and ideas for developing the business from the employees. By doing this IKEA has been able to avoid large scale employee behavioral problems. This is not to say that they dont have employees who have been disappointed either by not keeping their promise on pay raises and not even considering their opinions. IWAY which is IKEAs code of conduct, assures their employees the right to organize and consecrate all extra time be volunta ry. They also ensure wages are paid on time and not be withheld. Employees are entitled to medical, social insurance and pension. This way IKEA allows their co-workers their freedom and benefit all legal rights. IKEA hires a law firm called Jackson Lewis to encourage workers to attend meetings in order to discourage unions.One of Legos important rules was to maintain employees safety, in that respectfore they set a goal to reach the top ten safe places to work for employees by 2015. Their main concern was to improve and maintain the work-life balance this is basically to retain the employees motivation and enjoyment with their position at Lego.Lego has their system of flexible work hours, work from home option which are all ideal mainly for a working mother has made themselves enter Working Mother powder magazine 100 best companies list . Lego involve themselves in providing wellness programs and leave entitlement for the mother up to 26 weeks of leave with their job assured of. Families looking to adopt are entitled to $5000 and fertility treatments are in full covered.Task 22.1LegoJorgen Vig Knudstorp is a leading and most prominent figure at lego, he has had the most challenging role of having revive Lego as the company had taken a turn for the worst. Mr. Knudstorp knew that in order to change things around he inevitable to be trusted and relied on. Doing so Mr. Knudstorp would be able to interconnected new methods to revive Lego from its low. He was an intelligent man to believe that for things to be done he necessitate to managing at eye level which meant liaising with the production workers, engineers , discussing to reduce sales declining with the sales and marketing department. Jorgen Vig Knudstorp reminded the management that they were there to maximize the firms value, this would be identififying why till date the lego group exists. He wanted their to be a less strict structure and a more free management style from the bottom to the top, empo wering employees to make decisions at all levels. Jorgen Vig Knudstorp used the strategic leadership style, this which made employees share values,visons and goals, strengthening them to make decisions with token(prenominal) monitor lizarding. It is defined that a strategic leader persuades for change and looks for new ways ideas, and improvement to better the company in order to allow the company to move onward.IKEAIngvar Kamprad the founder of ikea, being a school dropout and began making furniture at the age of 17 uses the democratic style of leadership to run his company. Mr. Kamprad encouraged collimate management so that each can manage their purpose effectively. The reason for this same level management was so that employees opinion and feedback will help them feel like they are required in the company. This in return makes the employees want to work harder and feel as if they are working for their own. Mr. Kamprad however did have many things under his control like the fi nancial details and of the companys structure. He encouraged his employees to work hard with bottomland business beliefs however to still have fun whilst working for IKEA, he preferred giving guidelines, presentation methods of how things should be done instead of revealing authority and giving out orders.2.2Since the classical approach is stringently based on acknowledging the idea that only the economical and physical needs of the employee are important and that their personal life and job satisfaction are irrelevant, Lego however believes strongly in allowing their employees to work freely in spite of appearance the organization. It is a place where all share the same value, of empowering children to learn. Lego wanted to strive to be the best toy company instead of being the biggest. The classical approach includes scientific, administrative and bureaucratic management. The scientific management surmise was developed by Frederik Taylor (1856-1915). This theory had 4 steps, firstly by sorting the job into smaller pieces, then to pick the most capable employees to perform the job and train them, finally supervisors are used to monitor them. This theory came about at the time that organizations were large and industrialized to increase productivity to its maximum.Henri Fayol ( 1841-1925) developed a fourteen principles of management.These principles wereDivision of Labor to increase production and quality through specialization means and certificate of indebtedness Where authority is shown, responsibility must be given and this works both ways.Discipline Respect and order for the agreements between the company and their workers.Line of Authority Clear view of the company hierarchyCentralization Authority is given only to the highest in command.Unity of Direction All are on the same leash to lead the organization.Unity of command Employee receives instructions from only one supervisor/manager.Order Every employee is situated where they would contribute the most.Initiative Creating action plans and carrying it out.Equity Take care of all employees fairly with respect.Remuneration of power Payment of salaries to employees accordingly.Stability of Tenure to provide long term employment.General interest over individual interest the companys priority will be before the employees.Esprit de corps Harmony of the employees brings a strong union.Mr. Kamprad of IKEA believed that the body of work should be like everyday life, being free and at ease, instead wearing formal work attire, addressing colleagues in a personal manner. The company arranges once a year for at least week for the managers to work in the showrooms and warehouses. New ideas and innovations were always welcome at IKEA, the employees were always encouraged to come up with creative solutions. How did the concept of customers picking up their purchases arise? This is when they realized in order to cost cut and provide quick service, to engage in customers in self-selectio n. The customers choose their items, write them polish and go down to the warehouse to collect their items.IKEA has a mission of spreading the companies philosophies and practices throughout the organization by assigning IKEA ambassadors that had been specifically trained and placed strategically within the company. They would in turn train their subordinates and act as role models.In my report it is evident that both IKEA and Lego do not have a strict list of management procedures which have brought them to where they are today. Bearing in mind that in 2004, when Lego CEO Jorgen Vig Knudstorp joined the organization he needed to save the company from the dire state that it was in. This required that whichever practices that were taking place needed to be evaluated and changed in order to revive the company.IKEA being a family oriented company, is not particularly head by the founders sons. Instead created a holdings company that managed the IKEA organization which was run by Mr. K amprads sons. By studying and researching both companies it is safe to say that there is no exact approach to management followed by each. The contingency approach also known as situational approach supports the thought that there is no one best way to management. Each organization just like humans and conditions can change and differ from time to time. then by studying the current situation of the organization, will the management of the company know what practices to enforce. Management had to think of environmental factors, for example weather, technology that could alter the organizations productivity.