'Evaluating Utilitarianism' - What are the main features of Utilitarianism as an ethical theory? Examine and consider criticisms that have been made against Utilitarianism.

What are the main features of Utilitarianism as an ethical theory? (10 marks)

Examine and opine criticisms that have been made against Utilitarianism. (10 marks)

Utilitarianism is an ethical theory that pivots around the judgement that righteousity should be judged by consequence and the way in which an action can be deemed moral or immoral, depends upon the count to which it brings the greatest happiness. A decision can be delimit as ethic eachy correct under the theory of Utilitarianism if the moral choice provides the greatest good for the greatest number of people, proving that at the affectionateness of Utilitarianism are the ideals of delight and consequence. Although Utilitarianism provides a useful, simplistic way for make moral decisions, it has notable faults, which limit its capability as an ethical strategy.

Ethical theories can be classified into two groups; these being deontological theories and teleological theories. Utilitarianism is a teleological theory, so for a Utilitarian, actions are judged on the results that they accomplish. Morality is therefore centred on consequence preferably than motives. obstinate to a deontological theory, which believes the action itself to be the most important rather than the outcome, Utilitarianism recognises that a course of action is considered good depending upon the outcome of a situation.

The 19th century thinker, Jeremy Bentham devised the utilitarian theory, encompassing the belief that compassionate beings were motivated by the pathos of joyousness and ache. He believed that all humans sought out pastime, whilst seek to avoid pain and that the moral result of an action could be deliberated in name of pleasure and happiness. This belief that the main motivation for humans is pleasure is widely known as Hedonism, from the Greek word for pleasure Hçdonç. Although Jeremy Bentham understood that pleasure was a motivator, he believed that pleasure should be...

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