Stephen Hawking And Albert Einstein - 1362 Words

As of right now we can see 100 billion galaxies in our universe but then again that is only with the current telescope we have but as time goes by we will make bigger and better telescopes. Over time we will see double to even triple the number of galaxies than we can see now. As for the Nebulae, we cannot technically count all of them accurately. We can t count all of the nebulae and galaxies but we can distinguish the different types. In my paper, I will be quoting and gaining my new knowledge from two of the greatest scientist: Stephen Hawking and Albert Einstein. Stephen Hawking is a cosmologist and a theoretical physicist, and Albert Einstein was a scientist and a physicist who liked to talk about the universe and its space time†¦show more content†¦These diverse types nebulas all have one thing in common and That one thing is how they are all attracted and created by some sort of gravitational pull. Due to the excess amount of debris in the spiral arms of a spiral gala xies, such as the milky way. Hydrogen and helium from the spiral arms and the debris that is still left from the big bang gives these nebulas a way to form their dust clouds. These dust clouds help create stars and once these dust clouds are finished making a baby star the star pushes/ blows away the nebulae so it can break through creating an open cluster of clouds which is also a type of nebulae that is formed, another name for Diffuse nebulae is The Birthplace for stars. Let s start with a Globular cluster, this is a well-shaped well-rounded cluster that consists of one very bright and dense star That gets surrounded by many smaller stars that were pulled in by its great gravitational pull. As explained in the last paragraph an open cluster is when a star blows through a nebula causing the stars and dust to separate but still didn’t fully fall out of its gravitational pull. Emission nebula are one of the most common nebulas that are seen. This Nebula is emitted by a hot star that releases photons which is a quantum of light. A reflection nebulae is that nothing but an actual cloud of dustShow MoreRelatedThe Physics Of Albert Einstein1284 Words   |  6 PagesRobbie Patio BIO 101 Professor Dartley 4/16/15 Albert Einstein Most people know who Albert Einstein is and how great of a physicist he was, yet many aren’t aware that Albert Einstein had not even finished high school! Most would think that a person who doesn’t complete high school is dumb, and lazy. The fact is, Einstein did not complete high school, not because he was dumb or lazy. At the age of 15, he quit high school because he did not agree with the way the teachers taught. He thought that theRead MoreWhich Modern Thinker, Individual, or Leader Has the Greatest Chance of Having a Long-tern Influence?1627 Words   |  7 Pagestheoretical physicist, Albert Einstein, due to his exposure in popular culture. Einstein is responsible for much of humanity’s current understanding of theoretical physics, due to his theories of special relativity and, the generalized version, general relativity. However, unlike other notable scientists, his previous occupation was within the patent office, though many believe that this mindless w ork allowed him to ponder the universe (â€Å"Albert Einstein-Biographical†). Furthermore, Einstein attempted to alterRead MoreStephen Hawking : A Man Of Introspect1325 Words   |  6 PagesStephen Hawking: A Man of Introspect Throughout the years, there have been many influential people in fields from science to literature. Stephen Hawking has made an astounding impact through his studies in physics and cosmology. Not only is he known for his many works, Stephen Hawking is honored even more for his fight against ALS. Stephen Hawking is one of the great minds of this era with his exceptional ability to think and overcome adversity from his early childhood into his current age of seventy-threeRead MoreStephen Hawking : The Great Minds Of This Era1319 Words   |  6 Pagesinfluential people in fields from science to literature. Stephen Hawking has made an astounding impact through his studies in physics and cosmology. Not only is he known for his many works, Stephen Hawking is honored even more for his fight against ALS. Stephen Hawking is one of the great minds of this era with his exceptional ability to think and overcome adversity from his early childhood into his current age of seventy-three. Much of Stephen Hawking’s childhood experiences changed and developed himRead MoreUnderstanding Black Holes Essay1070 Words   |  5 Pagesearth, mankind has always looked to the sky in awe for it seemed boundless in its ever growing horizon. Out of all the cosmos that’s being found and discovered every day, there is one object that stands to elude scientists still, the black hole. Albert Einstein, and all the brilliant scientists after his, help to design and create a part of the universe that’s very crucial to understanding existence. The perimeters of a black hole have been a great this that has been discussed and observed to the pointRead MoreThe Greatest Heroes Of Stephen Hawking1999 Words   |  8 Pagesquote from the famous Stephen Hawking, which shows that intelligence is not measured by how much you know, but rather by what you do with what you know. Stephen Hawking has continually showed the many characteristics of a hero through his life, even while fighting with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Stephen Hawking grew up in England and was diagnosed with ALS at a very young age. However, he did not let this stop him from shaking the foundations of science forever. Stephen Hawking is considered oneRead MoreStephen Hawking Essay1239 Words   |  5 PagesStephen Hawking was born on January 8, 1942, in Oxford, England. At an early age, Hawking showed a passion for science and the sky. At age 21, while studying cosmology at the University of Cambridge, he was diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Despite his debilitating illness, he has done groundbreaking work in physics and cosmology and his several books have helped to make science accessible to everyone. His Scottish mother had earned her way into Oxford University in the 1930s. 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The Body Image Essay Topics Chronicles

The Body Image Essay Topics Chronicles As a consequence of these body images projected by the media, women and men have encountered physical issues, including bulimia, anorexia, employment of damaging dietary plans, very low self-esteem, and depression. New brain-imaging studies have discovered that different pieces of the brain deal with different sorts of attention and so there may be types of attentional damage. This strong body dissatisfaction is also linked to BDD, though there is insufficient research to confirm whether the internalization of media portrayals of an ideal body in these types of shows actually trigger the beginning of BDD. Body image typically does not improve early in the practice of recovery from anorexia nervosa, and in reality, often it becomes worse during weight gain. It's the interpretation of reality that provides the lobes its capability to influence perception. You're not a tiny, insignificant drop in a huge ocean. Your body is where you're lik ely to be living for the remainder of your life. The media lies to us by saying there is simply one kind of body that's ok, and everyone should attempt to look like that. Well constructed shoulders and a great posture make for the sight of man who's powerful and confident. Your purpose is to learn how to observe the ocean within the drop. It can be difficult to take care of our bodies because of the messages from the media that sell us the concept that we are less than. The media, as everyone probably knows, is something everyone knows of. Individuals should make up their minds they won't be negatively affected by the media. They constantly compare themselves and never seem satisfied with the way they look. Women are objectified while at the very same time being told they do not measure up. Speaking about it may also cause you to feel better about yourself. You may be having essay topics that are hard to research or that require research materials which aren't readily offered. Getting access to our example essays is quite straightforward and inexpensive. These example essays can supply you with an idea for the right topic for your essay. Th ey may provide you with tips on the right structure to use when writing your essay. As you pay for homework, we provide those options at no cost. Also, each time you find an advertisement about weight or beauty that makes you truly feel bad, tell yourself that you're beautiful and nobody can inform you otherwise. The opportunity to diet is when you've got to let out the shower curtain! There are various kinds of diets out there. Want to Know More About Body Image Essay Topics? The obsession of several young girls and guys above their body image has resulted in a growing number of those who have developed an eating disorder to attempt to manage their deficiency of self-esteem or other relevant troubles. For instance, one of the very first toys a youthful girl is given is a Barbie doll. Plastic surgery has gotten so popular that some parents are even receiving their children breast augmentation for a graduation gift. On the flip side, a metrosexual guy is not going to utiliz e just any soap. To summarize, body image isn't to be dismissed. It plays a major role in many peoples lives. It is about how you feel about your body, not about how your body looks. It is how people picture themselves and how they think other people picture them. There is a particular standard that was set by pop culture and men who think that they are below this normal start attempting to change their look or body image. People who have a negative body image believe that should they do not look right, other things, like their personality, intelligence, social abilities, or capabilities, also aren't perfect. Perhaps modern science hasn't found the chakras because they haven't been looking at the appropriate location. The very best thing a parent can do to help their adolescent child regarding body image is to get a healthful image of themselves. What You Need to Do About Body Image Essay Topics Before You Miss Your Chance The media plays a hugh part to the way that people view themselves. Future research is necessary to understand the character of the diet-exercising relationship and its place in the present culture. It's only from a new direction of looking at a problem that individuals will start to feel better about themselves. The most difficult problem is the way to affect lasting shift in body dissatisfaction among people that have eating disorders. The New Angle On Body Image Essay Topics Just Released Hard work, when it is something you're passionate about, needs to be challenging, but in addition come easy. You don't need to be worried about locating a topic. Students lead busy lives and frequently forget about an approaching deadline. If you truly try the very first option and succeed, you can quit reading now. Things You Won't Like About Body Image Essay Topics and Things You Will Men and women become addicted to exercise as a way to be thinner. Lastly, don't forget that you're an amazing and truly one of a kind individual. If you're passionate and driven in positive approaches you will put forth strong energy and actions that will go back to you in the shape of rewards. Without action, you could as well forget the rest. The Hidden Facts on Body Image Essay Topics At the exact same time, bu shy body hair is most likely not the perfect way to go. The period body image refers to one's perception of somebody's own body. Our entire body produces a thin layer of sebum to safeguard our skin. One or two times per day with a gentle cleanser is all most bodies need.

Millers Tale Compare and contrast Nicholas and Absolon Essay Example For Students

Millers Tale Compare and contrast Nicholas and Absolon Essay Compare and contrast Nicholas and Absolon. We will look at what aspects of each character are identified i. e, how they are similar, how they are different and, how other characters respond to each of them. Also looking at Chaucers use of language and how it emphasizes their similarities and differences. Firstly lets look at Nicholas and Absolons physical description, their build, height, hair, posture, eye colour etc. There are some strikingly obvious differences between them that should be observed. Chaucer describes Absolons eyes, his eyen greye as goos. This metaphor directly contrasts his eye colour with that of the colouring of a gooses. This is jusktraposed by the fact that it can also be a term of affection. This Strange comparison with that of a goose seems unusual but effective as the reader can associate with it easily. This is a commonly used medieval comparison. Apparently the white goose was not known about in the time of Chaucer. Here is a quote describing Absolons shoes, poules window corven on his shoos. Absolons shoes are decorated with ornamental holes cut into the leather. The engraving on the leather represents a window in St Pauls cathedral. This dress style comes from Absolons need to look attractive which he uses as his first tool in wooing Alisoun. I also think that this shoe decoration runs deeper than mere aesthetics, it could symbolise something special, maybe a message from the stained glass window from the cathedral. Chaucer describes Nicholas as quite an effeminate character. He states, like a maiden meek, the adjective meek stands out as being quite harsh almost degrading as his subtle masculinity makes him something of an outcast. He stands in stark contrast against the Miller who is testosterone charged, coarse and aggressive. Both Nicholas and Absolon share quite a few similarities, such as; age, cleanliness, importance of personal appearance and the ability to play a musical instrument. Nicholas possesses the ability to manipulate and persuade people who are less intelligent than him. For example the carpenter who he convinces of his plan to survive the imaginary flood- uses very persuasive language such as imperatives and commands, is highly assertive-will, must, wont. He also states that the flood will be twice as terrible as Noahs and that thus shal mankind drenche, a direct threat to the carpenters safety. Absolon, on the other hand, possesses many more of the qualities that one would expect that a lover in a story about courtly love would have. He is described as being handsome, or at least well groomed. He involves himself in what could be described as courtly pursuits such as dancing (Chaucer says that he knew twenty different steps) and can play two instruments. His attempts at winning her love are more traditionally romantic. He sings under her window, sends her gifts and even money to try to earn her love. Chaucer puts the emphasize on his absolute love and desire for Alisoun, so wotheth hire that him is wo bigon in modern English he is wretched, love sick. Chaucer uses this emotive language to make the reader feel sorry for this character. He waketh al the night and al the day, this reminds us of his sheer devotion, he obsesses over her which causes him to think of nothing else and have sleepless nights. Another point that warms the audience to him as he is rather naive in many ways with what he sees to be love of the utmost importance, he doesnt seem to realise that there are many other women whom he could woo. Contrasting this, Nicholas appears to me far more experienced and laid back in his approach to woo Alisoun. This could be due to his one major advantage over Absolon, he lives under the same roof. This gives him many opportunities to corner her and sweet talk her with romantic verse. .ubd46ff674e267e51865c85bab235a970 , .ubd46ff674e267e51865c85bab235a970 .postImageUrl , .ubd46ff674e267e51865c85bab235a970 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ubd46ff674e267e51865c85bab235a970 , .ubd46ff674e267e51865c85bab235a970:hover , .ubd46ff674e267e51865c85bab235a970:visited , .ubd46ff674e267e51865c85bab235a970:active { border:0!important; } .ubd46ff674e267e51865c85bab235a970 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ubd46ff674e267e51865c85bab235a970 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ubd46ff674e267e51865c85bab235a970:active , .ubd46ff674e267e51865c85bab235a970:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ubd46ff674e267e51865c85bab235a970 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ubd46ff674e267e51865c85bab235a970 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ubd46ff674e267e51865c85bab235a970 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ubd46ff674e267e51865c85bab235a970 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ubd46ff674e267e51865c85bab235a970:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ubd46ff674e267e51865c85bab235a970 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ubd46ff674e267e51865c85bab235a970 .ubd46ff674e267e51865c85bab235a970-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ubd46ff674e267e51865c85bab235a970:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Vision EssayNicholas takes advantage of the fact that Absolon is far from Alisoun, he sees this has his chance to take her for himself, Alwey the nie slie Maketh the ferre leeve to be looth. In modern terms he is basically saying out of sight out of mind, the crafty lover steals the attraction of his far off rival Absolon. Alisoun (who is at the heart of this fierce rivalry) seems to care little for Absolons attentive if somewhat obsessive desire. Pleasant Nicholas is the actual lover, but Absolon is more the stereotype of the courtly lover. She is put off by his exhuastive efforts and even finds it slightly amusing, she maketh Absolon hire ape and al his ernest turneth til a jape- she ridicules all his serious attentions. Yet again Chaucer manages to emote feelings of pitty for this young, niave lover who always seems to end up trying too hard. Alison, Chaucers imprisoned wife, is less of the ideal than both Nicholas or Absolon think she is. Certainly she is beautiful. But her beauty is slightly flawed. She is graceful and slim like weasel. By comparing her with a weasel Chaucer makes Alisoun seem to be dirty and untrustworthy. Instead of being involved in courtly love there is some evidence that the relationship between Alisoun and Nicholas is one of lust. Chaucers use of the lower class makes the absurdity of what they are doing stand out even more so. Stephen Blighe 03/05/2007 AS English and Literature Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Geoffrey Chaucer section.

The War of Could Have Been Avoided free essay sample

The war of 1812 The war of 1812, a war that some people tend to referto as the second revolutionary war. But could it have been avoided? Well yes it most certainly could have been avoided, but then again couldnt most wars have been avoided? Though some people do not have the same reasoning. Other think that the war of 1812 was unavoidable, that it was destined to happen. Well what reasons do they have to think that? Though what reason do i have to think what i do? Well i will tell you. One reason that i think that the whole war could have just been avoided is because the british completely disragarded the maritime acts of the united states. After a country that was a hundred times smaller than you just beat you you are going to go ahead and act completely oblivious to that ssame countries rules? Sounds very angering to the people that just got away from you right? Right, the americans did not take this lightly. We will write a custom essay sample on The War of Could Have Been Avoided or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page But that couldnt be the only reason that this whole war could have been avoided could it? No. The british might as well of just went up to the president of the united states and told him too screw off. They seemed to not care at all what they did to the americans. Another thing that they did was that they were interfering with all of the trade of the united states. Though even worse they were intercepting american ships and illegally improsining the american seamen. This as you can imagine would greatly anger the united states. The president at the time Madison demanded that britain revoke the oder in the council that declared american commercial vessels subject to interception and seizure. Britian ingnored this demand. Which angered the U. S. even more and congress declared war. After about a week of the declartation britain removed the provocative order and so there was no longer reason for a war to arise. There are some people including me that think that if there was better communication between europe and the united states and north america then the war could have been avoided entirely. Some people like to call the war of 1812 the second revolutionary war. But how could this be if the united states of american was already free of briatin. Well some people think that this is the second revolutionary war because they think that the americans were pretty much showing once again that they were there own country witht their own rules and their own trading. Which in that sense does kind of make it the second revolutionary war for america. Another reason that the war of 1812 is a second revolutionary war is because of what happened in the war. The britsish came and completely burned Washington D. C. down to the ground. This is actually where our star spangled banner came from. Which personally i think is one of the best reasons to say that it was the second revolutionary war. So in all technicality this was the second revolutionary war because we were fighting from the british so that we were able to have a rights as a free country. Why not say thats what it is? Because that is exacty what it was. After all the reasearch that was done to be able to write this paper i do and will always strongly believe that the war of 1812 most certainly could have been avoided entirely.

Sigmund Freud

Sigmund Freud and Alfred Adler were too men who were the smartest in their class. Being so smart, they both went to college to study medicine. Freud used his home life and scientific observations to form his psychological opinions. Adler formed his ideas from a good family and his studies in medicine. Coming from the same major, they have slightly different views. Sigmund Freud was born on May 6, 1856, in Freiberg in Moravia, which is now called the Czech Republic. He grew up in a family that wasnt fortunate to have money to spare. He didnt have much to work with as far as clothes or books. His parents let him have the only light in the house to study. As a young child Freud excelled as a student. Being Jewish, many careers were not open for him. Freud decided to go to school to study medicine. With a background in medicine his work showed everyone a new understanding of personality. His writings, his personality, and his determination to extend the boundaries of his work kept him at the center of an intense, shifting circle of friends, disciples, and critics(personality 17). All the criticism towards Freud only made him stronger in his ideas. Alfred Adler was born on February 7,1870, in a small suburb of Vienna. Adler was fortunate enough to be raised by a middle-class merchant. As a child he had to go through many serious illnesses, including rickets. During his youth, Adler read religiously. Adler was a top student in his class. Adler like Freud was limited to a small range of professional careers due to his religion. He chose to enter the University of Vienna to pursue a career in medicine. Adlers main concern was that everyone would think for them self and have control over their own lives. He named his theory Individual Psychology because he felt each person comprised primarily of four aspects: st...

Ask These 10 Interview Questions to Impress Your Hiring Manager

Ask These 10 Interview Questions to Impress Your Hiring Manager You hear a lot about what not to say at an interview these days. But ever wonder if there’s anything they’re specifically looking for you to say? Figure out how to answer the dreaded, â€Å"Do you have any questions for us?† question with aplomb by considering a few of these gems. 1. â€Å"How does this position contribute to your goals for this department/company?†Bang! You’re mindful of the fact that your role will be a part of a larger whole. You’re forward thinking enough to wonder how you can contribute. And you’re sensitive enough to the company’s goals to see how it fits into their big picture or bottom line. Bonus points if you can flip the question: just name a few of the goals for the company you already know line up with this position and then ask how else a new hire in that position might contribute or accelerate that impact?2. â€Å"What do your most successful hires usually do in their first month with you?† You’re not just going to get the job and slouch into complacency. You’re there to slay. This shows you want to hit the ground running- and that you’re eager to help. As a bonus, you might get some insight into the company’s as-yet-unknown quirks.3. â€Å"How would you measure success in this role?†The interview is actually the prime time to ask this question. Again, it shows your forward thinking and your desire to excel and exceed their expectations. It also gives you a great blueprint for how to render yourself an asset as quickly as possible- much better than a vague idea of the tasks required and the typical workload.4. â€Å"What recent accomplishments have meant the most to you and your team, and why?†Bonus points if you can cite some of these accomplishments, or have done enough research to say there have been many. This question allows you to show off your excellent listening skills. Look! It’s not all about you! You’re a great and generous colleague! Plus, people love to talk about themselves. It’s a great icebreaker, even for midway or almost-all-the-way through an interview.5. â€Å"What opportunities are there for professional development?†Doesn’t necessarily mean you won’t be comfortable or happy in the position offered. But does mean that you’re hungry. That you would be willing to work up in the company. And that they might be hiring someone who will go the distance with them. Try to emphasize your enthusiasm about the company itself.6. â€Å"What are some biggest challenges that might need to be faced?†Whether you ask about the team’s challenges- i.e. recent challenges they may have faced and how they handled them- or about obstacles or roadblocks that might come up for you in your new position, this shows that you’ve got your eyes open and are ready to troubleshoot and make sure you transition in and start succeeding without running into any foreseeable hurdles.7. â€Å"What do you love about this company?†This one could be framed as: â€Å"Why did you decide to work here?† or even â€Å"You’ve been at this company a while, what keeps you motivated by being here?† You can learn a lot about the company culture as well as its structure this way. Plus, it gives you a break from talking about yourself.8. â€Å"What is your client service philosophy?†Really, you should try to ascertain this before the interview. But there are ways to ask about this that make you seem customer service oriented and proactive. As well as sensitive to balancing your company’s needs versus that of your client.9. â€Å"Do you have any questions or concerns about my experience?†Seems like cheating. But it’s a great way to give yourself a moment to explain any holes in your resume or further justify the ways in which you might meet the listed job requirements. It’s a great way t o give one last defense of yourself before the decisions are made. And, who knows, you could just assuage someone’s concerns enough to make them hire you.10. â€Å"What are some of the intangible qualities of successful team members here?†You want to know what that certain je ne sais quoi might be that helps employees of this company excel. Your interviewer might be eager to talk about the soft skills involved in the job- which are rarely asked about in interviews. It’s also a great sneaky way to get a sense of culture and what the company will value most to see if you’d be a good or bad fit.

Meaning of Globilazation Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Meaning of Globilazation - Research Paper Example who are engaged in artistic media have pointed out that YouTube plays an important role in popularizing pop-culture and music to a broader scale globally. In accordance to the current culture, gaining popularity around social culture is an important step in life that almost everybody in the world is currently aspiring to achieve. Contrastingly, YouTube has developed legal policies that govern sharing of immoral images globally while also ensuring enough protection concerning potential copyrights infringements. Some of the global impacts of YouTube include: Despite the fact that YouTube was initiated in the United States, it has gained recognition across different cultures globally. Some countries such as china do not allow their citizens to stream or download video files from YouTube platform. Having been designed as a free interactive platform, YouTube embraces accessibility of over 70 million clients and new entrants across the globe. Moreover, YouTube acts as a center of interactive culture thus leading to the creation of one independent culture known as social culture that allows sharing of idioms and norms of varied societies as a single society. In conclusion, YouTube can be used to share world remorseful events such as an enactment of peace to offer tribute to those died while fighting for the benefit of the society (Gorman & McLean, 2009) Burgess et al. (2009), argues that through internet infrastructure and video sharing platforms, YouTube has enabled societies of different cultural backgrounds to share ideas across a bigger coverage of an audience. Such sites are not only meant to share musical files, but they also act as appropriate social grounds for business personalities to promote their wares while politicians and medical personnel’s globally also a similar platform to post speeches of vital concern. Most of all, YouTube and other related sites have been used by personalities of different religions to address issues of faith globally. It can be

Social Media Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 3

Social Media - Essay Example On the other hand, companies are able to create pages in these social networking sites, where customers are able to access information, which is significant for mediating marketing. Therefore, social media harnesses and promotes effective communication among customers and the company offering various products. There some of the negative influences of social media to the company, whereby it can make information that the company does not want to reach customers to be viral (Associated press, 2012). Therefore, the company can suffer from negative publicity due to negative reviews from a single customer. For example, a customer may be impatient about delivery of certain foods or services that they have ordered online, and they may result to making negative reviews about the company. In fact, this would result to negative publicity, which makes potential customers lose confidence on the company, however, this problem can be resolved by ensuring that content posted on the company account has been regulated, whereby only the reviews that has been approved can be displayed in order to avoid ruining the company’s

Explain why Act 2. Scene 2. is a turning point in the play for Macbeth and Lady Macbeth Essay Example for Free

Explain why Act 2. Scene 2. is a turning point in the play for Macbeth and Lady Macbeth Essay Explain why Act 2. Scene 2. Is a turning point in the play for Macbeth and Lady Macbeth. How should the actors playing these characters behave to show the audience what they are feeling? In the First Act we learn that Macbeth is thought of as a very noble, loyal, brave man. For brave Macbeth O valiant cousin, worthy gentlemen! Macbeth was victorious in a battle on behalf of the kingdom and gets lots of praise from the king, and the other soldiers, and unknown to him is soon be given the title, Thane Of Cawdor. Banquo and Macbeth are travelling home and they came across 3 witches. These witches prophisize that Macbeth will become Thane of Cawdor and that soon after he will become king. All hail Macbeth! Hail to thee, thane of Cawdor! All hail Macbeth! Thalt shalt be King hereafter. Macbeth doesnt pay to much attention to them and continues on with his journey, when he returns home, he finds out that the King is coming to stay with him and Lady Macbeth in their castle. Macbeth then finds out of the title and tells Lady Macbeth of the three witches prophesies, and then Lady Macbeth starts to hatch a plan. Macbeth was so horrified of the idea of killing Duncan because in those days, people believed in something, which was called the divine right of kings. Which meant that they believed the king to have been chosen by god. So an attack on King Duncan would have been considered sacrilege. In Act one, Macbeth comes across as brave and loyal, but if he goes through with the murder, he will be forever looking over his shoulder, he will have to watch what he says and does, because he could be found out. This would change his character entirely. Macbeth has to realise that there can be no going back once the murder has been committed. James 1 would have understood and believed in the divine right of kings, so when the play was being written, including it would have been more interesting as the play was originally wrote for James 1, who was king at the time. Scene 2 has to be the most violent part of the play although we dont actually see the murder in the written play, it is only included in the film version, which we recently watched, directed by Roman Polantski. It is interesting that Macbeth kills King Duncan offstage, the scene could be written this way because Shakespeare wanted us to concentrate on Macbeths reaction to the murder, rather than the murder itself. Its a crucial part in the play as it the first of many murders. The murder takes place on the night of the Kings stay. Everything that happens in the play now is revolved around this scene. This scene is important because it not only features the murder scene. It is also the start of the falling apart of the relationship between Macbeth and Lady Macbeth. There is a lot of tension when we see Lady Macbeth pacing about nervously, waiting for Macbeth to come back. We also see Lady Macbeths softer side too when she says Had he not resembled my father as he slept, I had donet meaning if the King had not looked like her father she would have gone through with the murder herself. I imagine her to be looking quite sad at this point, yet nervous, for fear of still being caught. It reminds us that lady Macbeth still has some humanity because it might help the audience to understand why she does what she does at the end of the play. Lady Macbeth hears an owl screech while she is waiting for Macbeth and jumps, as she is clearly quite nervous even though earlier on in the play she says That, which hath made them drunk, hath made me bold. This is obviously not the case. Lady Macbeth may say this half-jokingly and holding the cup up near to her face, which she drinks it. When Macbeth comes to meet his wife they are both nervous, yet they seem excited to, as they dont speak in full sentences, its a short, sharp exchange of words. When , Now , as, I descended , Aye. His shows the audience that they are worried, nervous etc. They will at this maybe looking around them to see if there is anyone coming, or looking at each other trying to see what the other is thinking. Macbeth also still has hold of the daggers, which makes the tension in the scene increase. Macbeth cant seem to believe he has committed such a crime as he says, This is a sorry sight. He is also referring to his hands, which are covered in blood, Macbeth must have been putting his head in his hands at this point for him not to notice, therefore holding them up in front of his face. He cant seem to forget about the murder after this point. He seems obsessed with what he has done and almost in a hypnotising state of mind. Lady Macbeth, although in a way mocks him, she stays calm and says to him Go get some water and wash this filthy witness from your hands. Lady Macbeth is probably pushing him to the fountain and is keeping an eye on him, as so, they wont get caught. Macbeth knows that he might be able to get rid of the stain from his hands but not from his conscience. He says Not all Neptunes ocean can wash me clean. Lady Macbeth makes fun of Macbeth for dwelling on the murder and has a go at him for being a coward. Macbeth and his wife seem to lose a connection with each other and Shakespeare has made it obvious that Macbeth is the weaker of the two characters and his and Lady Macbeths relationship isnt going very well. He shows this by having Macbeth ramble on, and say long speeches. But Lady Macbeth stays in control, she acts almost evil and without a conscience. The play seems to build up more tension by Macbeth saying that he thought he had heard a voice saying Glamis hath murdered sleep, and therefore shall sleep no more: Macbeth shall sleep no more. This could be Macbeths imagination, or him hearing another of the witches prophesies. The knocking on the door startles Macbeth, as he knows now, this could tell whether his crime is about to be found out or not. Lady Macbeth again keeps her head amongst all of this, although nervous they will be discovered. Lady Macbeth quickly returns the bloodstained daggers to Duncans grooms, and goes one further and says, If he do bleed, Ill guild the grooms with Duncans blood, for it must seem their guilt. Shakespeare has her do this to make the audience aware of how much more confident than Macbeth, Lady Macbeth is. Whereas Macbeth is still in shock of the crime he had committed. Shakespeare conveys that Lady Macbeth and Macbeths relationship is slowly deteriorating, as Macbeth seems to be acting crazily and Lady Macbeth seems evil and calculating and in control of the situation. The knocking still carrying on, lady Macbeth appears annoyed and urges her husband, to his chamber, where they can hide and come across as innocent to the murder if it is discovered. Shakespeare has once again let Lady Macbeth take control. Shakespeare has cleverly used language and structure of sentences manages to create a lot of tension and excitement in this scene. He uses the right language in the right places to make the characters and the play really believable. Towards the end of the play Macbeth becomes overwhelmed by guilt and fear, he murders anyone he suspects might know. Eventually the heir to crown kills Macbeth, after Lady Macbeth has taken her own life as she is overcome by the guilt. King James and the rest of the Shakespearean audience would have wanted the murders and lies and drama, this is probably what they would have expected. Sacrilege was believed to have been punished by God. Macbeth and Lady Macbeth were the murderers so this would have added excitement; the witches added some eerieness and supernatural theme to the play. These are good choices for the play at that particular time, and it still makes it good today.

Mediatek India Technology Private Limited Essay -- manufacturing compan

Mediatek is a leading manufacturing company in India and also has a major share outside the country. Here, I have tried to analyse the strengths and weaknesses present in the company. What are the different opportunities and threats present in the external environment for the company? Strengths: Mediatek makes the technology that’s at the heart of the things that we use every day. Its strength lies in optimising system design, perfectly integrating software and hardware design to offer users an uninterrupted and always connected technology by providing smartphones, tablets and dual SIM experience. It’s riding high on amking cheap, user friendly smartphones across Asia. Global presence, technology, innovation and taking care of customer’s taste and preference are some its strength over its competitors. Weakness: The weakness for the company is that being a manufacturing company it belongs to a mature industry which means that it faces tough competition and there is small room for growth. Opportunities: It is a knowledge dependent company with highly specialised workers which makes it difficult for the low wage countries to compete in this market segment. The shipments of Mediatek jumped 80% in volume terms to more than 200 million in 2013. It held 47% share in the Chinese market year, up 14% points from 2012 and outstripping its rival Qualcomm of the U.S, the world’s largest market of chips for mobile devices that pushed Mediatek’s sales 37% higher on the year to a record 136 billion New Taiwan dollars( $ 4.52 billion) ( source: The Nikkie) Threats: Rising price of manufacturing in the global economy poses a threat to the company. Intense competition from Broadcom, Spreadtrum and Qualcomm is also a major concern for the... ...ce has a great impact on the achievement of the organisational performance as a whole. Works Cited Flippo, E.B (1984), Personnel Management (sixth edition) .( K.A Meyer), Mc Graw: Hill Book Company Beach D.S. (1975), Personnel: the management of people at work, New York: Macmillan Thompson, K.R. & Luthans, F. (1990), â€Å"Oragnisational Culture: A behavioural Perspective,† In Schneider, B. (ed), Organisational climate and Culture, Oxford: Jessey-Bass, Chapter 9 Kumari, Neeraj (2012), â€Å"a study of the recruitment and selection process: SMC Global†, volume 2, No.1, 2012 Ishrat, Ghazala (2013), â€Å"Comparative study of recruitment and selection, training and development policies in Indian MNCs and foreign MNCs†, Journal of business and management, volume 7, issue 5 Dessler, Garry(2005), Human Resource Management, Tenth edition www.ibef.org www.mediatek.com

Opposing Viewpoints Essay Essay

Everyone has their own opinion. The person sitting next to you can have an entirely different outlook on something you do. Having different opinions is what makes for interesting arguments. Especially an author and a critic†¦ like Steven Johnson and Dana Stevens. In the article â€Å"Watching TV Makes You Smarter†, Steven Johnson believes that TV does make you smarter, while in her article â€Å"Thinking Outside the Idiot Box† Dana Stevens completely disagrees and critiques his article. The two have opposing views on the topic. Both these writers use different examples of ethos, pathos, and logos in their articles to back up their opinion and make for an interesting argument. In my opinion, Dana Stevens overall did a better job at using ethos, pathos, and logos to back up her argument. â€Å"From the vantage point of someone who watches a hell of a lot of TV (but still far less than the average American), the medium seems neither like a brain-liquefying poison nor a salutary tonic† (Stevens, 2012, p. 298). This quote is what Steven really tries to prove the whole article and back up with her arguments. Ethos has to do with credibility and trustworthiness. It is usually conveyed through the tone, and the writer’s reputation. This technique is used to make people seem credible and someone whom we respect. Dana Stevens uses ethos very well when trying to make her argument in â€Å"Thinking outside the idiot box.† Stevens starts off with informing the audience that she has a Ph.D in comparative literature from the University of California at Berkeley. If the author has earned her a Ph.D in comparative literature that gives her credibility because she has had to go through a lot of years of schooling and she has a lot of writing experience by now after getting a job in the field. â€Å"Dana Stevens is Slate’s movie critic and has also written for the New York Times, Bookforum, and the Atlantic† (Stevens, 2012, p. 295) is just another example of how experienced  Dana Stevens has a lot of experience with her work and knows what she is talking about. Steven Johnson used ethos the best in his argument. In the beginning he is introduced as: â€Å"Steven Johnson is the author of seven books, among them Everything Bad Is Good For You: How Today’s Popular Culture Is Actually Making Us Smarter (2005) and Where Good Ideas Come From: The Natural History of Innovation (2010). Johnson is also a contributing editor for Wired, writers a monthly column for Discover, and teachers journalism at New York University.† (Johnson, 2012, p. 277) He is the author of seven other books and list them all. It then goes on to say Johnson is a contributing editor for Wired, he writers a monthly column for Discover, and teachers journalism at New York University. All of these things about Johnson give him a lot of credibility to begin with. Pathos has to do with appealing to your audiences emotion. Using imaginative impact, and stories can convince your audience of your argument by creating an emotional response. Tone is also a huge part of pathos, the way you state your argument can have a impact on their opinion. Dana Stevens wants to expose Steven Johnsons article and she does so by using pathos to get to the audiences emotions. At some points Stevens even makes fun of Johnson when she says â€Å" Johnson’s claim for television as a tool for brain enhancement seems deeply, hilariously bogus.† (Stevens, 2012, p. 297) This statement impacts the audiences emotions by making the reader feel kind of dumb if they actually agreed with Johnson that television makes you smarter, dumb enough that it would be hilarious if they were to actually believe that. She also makes a point when she says â€Å"he breezily dismisses recent controversies about the program’s representation of Muslim terrorists or it implicit endorsement of torture, preferring to concentrate on how the show’s formal structure teaches us to â€Å"pay attention, make inferences, track shifting social relationships.† (296) The mention of endorsement of torture usually makes people feel very disgusted and upset because of their morals. In the beginning Stevens (2012) basically says to the audience that anyone who agrees with Johnsons argument that TV makes you smarter are like â€Å"rats in a behaviorists maze.† (Stevens, 2012, 295) This creates a negative  emotion towards Johnsons argument, no one wants to be thought of as rat in an experiment being fooled. Steven Johnson uses pathos to get in touch with the audiences feelings by using TV shows that go against any normal persons morals. He used shows that brought up a lot of public controversies. â€Å"Over the preceding weeks, a number of public controversies had erupted around 24, mostly focused on its portrait of Muslim terrorists and its penchant for torture scenes. The episode that was shown on the twenty-fourth only fanned the flames higher: in one scene, a terrorist enlists a hit man to kill his child for not fully supporting the jihadist cause; in another scene, the secretary of defense authorizes the torture of his son to uncover evidence of a terrorist plot.† (Stevens, 2012, p. 278) Of course a statement like this will get peoples attention firstly. It will also really get people into their emotions too. The one sentence about the scene when a terrorist enlists a hit man to kill his child for no fully supporting jihadist cause will catch anyone’s attention even if you don’t really pay any mind to the subject. Something that is out of the norm like that will also get into peoples emotions. The other scene brought up about the secretary of defense authorizing the torture of his son to uncover evidence of a terrorist plot would take anyone by surprise and most likely feel disgusted. As a parent you should always want to protect your child†¦ not torture them, so imagine how an audience would feel especially parents after reading about this. It would most definitely catch their attention and get in touch with their feelings. Logos has to do with logic, reasoning, argumentation. Using facts, figures, and case studies to prove the point. If people know someone is using facts to prove their argument they assume it has to be true, facts don’t lie. Dana Stevens doesn’t exactly use facts and information the whole time, but she just wants the audience to understand that they are able to control their own choices about how much television they should watch. She bases a lot of her article off of this idea. Stevens also says at a point â€Å"just turn the set off†¦ and see if you get any dumber.†(Stevens, 2012, p. 298) Turning off the TV for a few days will not make you become dumber. If you turn off  the TV and pick up a book instead you’re more likely to gain more knowledge from that. The point Stevens is really trying to make is Johnson’s argument just doesn’t make any sense. How can TV make you smarter if you’re perfectly fine not watching it for a couple days and can actually gain more knowledge from doing something more educational like taking a trip to the library. This is just proving the point that watching TV does not make you any smarter, and not watching TV does not make you any dumber. Steven Johnson uses logos when he starts stating facts about TV shows and lets the audience know full details about it. Johnson goes on to talk about Television shows, when doing so he gives the audience a lot of facts about them to show they are legitimate. â€Å" During its 44-minutes- a real-time hour, minus 16 minutes for commercials- the episode connects the lives of 21 distinct characters, each with a clearly defined â€Å"story arc,†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. (Johnson, 2012, p. 278) He states the exact commercial times, the network, the date, exactly how long it was, what the show was about, etc. Johnson always states the exact full detail about every show he uses to prove his argument correct. When Johnson does so he gives the audience a sense that he knows what he is talking about. He always backs up his argument with facts†¦ this can let the audience know he has done his research, he has gone through the trouble to figure out everything there is know about the show including small things like the airing time, etc., and basically he just has all the facts there to prove his point if anyone disagrees with him. In conclusion, both writers use a lot of ethos, pathos, and logos to prove their argument. At some points one author may have used them better to prove their argument. Steven Johnson had a very strong ethos, pretty good pathos and also an average logos. Dana Stevens just used an overall strong use of all three ethos, pathos, and logos to prove her argument that TV does not make you smarter. The whole point of her article â€Å"Thinking Outside the Idiot Box† was to show the invalidity in Johnsons article. She gave facts, appealed to the audiences emotions, gave the audience a sense of credibility and trustworthiness. Both writers are very talented and experienced but Dana Stevens won the audience over with all these techniques backing up her argument.

Climax, Symbolize and Theme in the Lottery Essay

â€Å"The Lottery† by Shirley Jackson is a very famous American short story. It was published in the June 26, 1948, issue of the The New Yorker. Written the same month it was published. It is ranked today as â€Å"one if the most famous short stories in the history of America literature.† It has been studied in preparatory schools and in universities since its publication. It is very controversial. Some like it, others do not. The lottery has climax, mood and theme.The lottery has a really crazy climax. Climax is the point of greatest emotional intensity in plot. I think the climax of story is killing the person who picks the lottery up. When they kill the woman, their eyes are changed to jealous. Someone said ‘Hurry up!’ and then they throw stones to the woman. Among the people, their family included. I was shocked about her family killed their mother. Even if the son’s face was very pitiful, his parents gave a stone and let him cast it. The chillin g climax also shows serious mood.The story also has extremely serious mood. The mood is generally defined as the atmosphere in the story. Although weather, surrounding and background in the story are sunny and clear, the electing process of the sacrificial victim is too quiet. The weather is a contrast to the village people. At least, the woman has only a tragic ending. She was killed by her friend and family. I think the best of the scene is children kill her too. It’s impossible, though custom is very important, they shouldn’t have let person sacrifice for their personal goal. These things made me confused to understand the story. The lottery has a theme which is difficult to understand. When I saw the title â€Å"The lottery†, I think this story has a good ending, but woman who won the lottery was killed by stones casted by people who she believes and love. It is very irony. Why they killed who won the lottery? I can’t understand this story exactly. But the author who wrote lottery gives us some message. There is old saying â€Å"Don’t judge a book by its cover† I think this crazy climax and serious mood make me difficult to understand this story.In conclusion, â€Å"The Lottery† is a short story which uses crazy climax, serious mood. I think Shirley Jackson who wrote â€Å"The Lottery† gives us some messages. First, don’t judge by appearance. This story title is â€Å"The Lottery†, but the ending is died who won the lottery. Second, we should remove wrong culture. Wrong culture killed innocent person. So, wrong culture is changed quickly. I searched a lot of information of this story. People say this story is written objectively. I strongly agree with this comment. They were extremely relieved when saw the women who won the lottery. In the movie of last scene, I felt selfishness from them.

English Language and Composition Test Essay

English Language and Composition Test Essay English Language and Composition Test Essay ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND COMPOSITION SECTION I Time ­ 1 Hour Directions: This part consists of selections from prose works and questions based on their content, form, and style. After each passage, choose the best answer to each question and completely fill in the corresponding circle on the answer sheet. Note: Pay particular attention to the requirement of questions that contain the words NOT, LEAST, or EXCEPT. Questions 1 ­11. Read the following passage carefully before you choose your answers. (This following excerpt is from â€Å"It Takes a Village† by Hillary Clinton) 1.Right now in our biggest cities and our smallest towns there are boys and girls being tucked gently into bed, and there are boys and girls who have no one to call mom or dad and no place to call home 5. Right now there are mothers and fathers just finishing a long day’s work and there are mothers and fathers just going to work, some to their second or third job of the day. Right now there are parents worrying, what if the babysitter is sick tomorrow or how can we 10.pay for college this fall. And right now there are parents despairing about gang members and drug pushers on the corners in their neighborhoods. Right now there are parents questioning a popular culture that glamorizes sex and violence, smoking and drinking 15.and teaches children that the logos on their clothes are more valued than the generosity in their hearts But also right now there are dedicated teachers preparing their lessons for the new school year. There are volunteers tutoring and coaching children. 20There are doctors and nurses caring for sick children, police officers working to help kids stay out of trouble and off drugs. Of course, parents first and foremost are responsible for their children. But we are all responsible for ensuring 25.that children are raised in a nation that doesn’t just talk about family values, but acts in ways that values families. . [We†¦] are all part of one family, the American family, and each one of us has value. Each child who comes 30. into this world should feel special- every boy and every girl. Our daughter Chelsea will graduate from college in 2001 the dawn of the next century. Though that’s not so far away it is hard for any of us to know what the world will look like then, much less when 35. Chelsea is my age in the year 2028. But one thing we know for sure is that change is certain. Progress is not. Progress depends on the choices we make today for tomorrow and on whether we meet our challenges and protect our values. We can 40. start by doing more to support parents and the job they have to do. Issues affecting children and families are some are some of the hardest we face as parents, as citizens, as a nation. 1. In the first and second paragraphs, Clinton’s tendency to begin sentences with â€Å"right now† or â€Å"and right now† are indicative of a. Epistrophe b. Anaphora c. Metonymy d. Isocolon e. Aphorism 2. What is the effect of the repetition in paragraph two? a. Implying that the number of problems parents face have decreased over time b. Implying that the number of problems parents face have increased over time c. Emphasizing the diverse and numerous fears and worries parents face d. Showing the many ways in which children are poorly behaved e. Implying that parents tend to act irresponsible with their children 3. Lines 15 ­16 PRIMARILY indicate what? a. A transition from negative to positive b. A shift in topic c. A transition from positive to negative d. A transition to a concluding thought e. The insertion of a personal anecdote 4. The syntax in lines 24 ­25 â€Å"[We] are all part of one family, the American family, and each one of us has value† serves to a. Impart a sense of responsibility upon the audience b. Disregard non ­American families c. Promote a sense of blind patriotism d. Chastise those who have not actively

English Test Options for ESL Students

English Test Options for ESL Students Students need to take English tests, as well as other tests! Of course, learners need to take English tests at school, but they are often required to take English tests such as the TOEFL, IELTS, TOEIC or FCE. In a number of instances, you can decide which English test to take. This guide will help you begin to choose the best English test to take for your English learning needs and goals for both further education and career. Each of the major English tests is discussed and point towards more resources to study and prepare for these all important English tests. To begin with, here are the major tests and their full titles:   TOEFL - Test of English as a Foreign LanguageIELTS - International English Language Testing SystemTOEIC - Test of English for International CommunicationFCE - First Certificate in EnglishCAE - Certificate in   Advanced EnglishBULATS - Business Language Testing Service These English tests are created by two companies that dominate the English learning system word wide: ETS and the University of Cambridge. TOEFL and TOEIC are provided by ETS and IELTS, FCE, CAE, and BULATS are developed by the University of Cambridge. ETS ETS stands for Educational Testing Service. ETS provides the TOEFL and the TOEIC test of English. It is an American company with headquarters in Princeton, New Jersey. ETS tests focus on North American English and computer based. Questions are almost exclusively multiple choice and ask you to choose from four choices based on information you have read, heard or have to deal with in some manner. Writing is also tested on the computer, so if you have difficulties typing you may have difficulties with these questions. Expect North American accents on all listening selections. University of Cambridge The University of Cambridge based in Cambridge, England is responsible for a wide range of English exams. However, the main international tests that are discussed in this overview are the IELTS the FCE and the CAE. For business English, the BULATS is also an option. Currently, the BULATS is not as popular as the other tests, but that may change in the future. The University of Cambridge is a dominate force in the entire English learning world, producing many English learning titles, as well as administering tests. Cambridge exams have a wide variety of question types including multiple choice, gap-fill, matching, etc. You will hear a wider variety of accents on University of Cambridge exams, but they tend towards British English. Your Objective The first and most important question to ask yourself when choosing your English test is: Why do I need to take an English test? Choose from the following for your answer: I need to take an English test for study at UniversityI need to take an English test to get a job or improve my careerI want to improve my overall skills in English, but not necessarily for a purpose such as getting a better job or going to a university Study for University If you need to take an English test for study at a university or in an academic setting you have a few choices. To focus solely on academic English, take the TOEFL or the IELTS academic. Both are used as qualifications for entrance into universities. There are some important differences. Many universities around the world now accept either test, but they are more common in certain countries. TOEFL - Most common exam for study in North American (Canada or United States)IELTS - Most common exam for study in Australia or New Zealand FCE and CAE are more general in nature but are often requested by universities throughout the European Union. If you live in the European Union, the best choice is either the FCE or the CAE. Free TOEFL Exam PreparationFree IELTS Exam PreparationFCE Exam PreparationCAE Exam Preparation Resources Study for Career If career motivations are the most important reason in your choice of English test, take either the TOEIC or the IELTS general test. Both of these tests are requested by many employers and test an understanding of English as used in the workplace, as opposed the academic English which is tested in the TOEFL and IELTS academic. Also, the FCE and CAE are excellent tests for developing overall English language skills in a wide range of areas. If your employer is not specifically asking for the TOEIC or the IELTS general, I would highly recommend considering the FCE or CAE. Free IELTS Exam Preparation General English Improvement If your goal in taking an English test is to improve your overall English, I would highly recommend taking the FCE (First Certificate in English) or, for more advanced learners, the CAE (Certificate in Advanced English). In my years of teaching English, I find these tests to be most representative of English usage skills. They test all aspects of English learning and the English tests themselves are very reflective of how you would use English in everyday life. Special Note: Business English If you have worked for a number of years and want to improve your English skills exclusively for Business purposes, the BULATS exam administered by the University of Cambridge is by far the best choice. For more information from the provider of these tests you can visit the following sites: TOEFL - Test of English as a Foreign Language IELTS - International English Language Testing System TOEIC - Test of English for International Communication FCE - First Certificate in English CAE - Certificate in   Advanced English BULATS - Business Language Testing Service

Think 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Think 3 - Essay Example judged the government was in welcoming a technology that allowed human beings to produce androids which resemble human beings in every way only that they lacked bone marrow and empathy. "Emigrate or degenerate! The choice is yours!" (pg. 6). This indicates that the government believed that the American government disintegrated after WWT and a new society could only be created in a new land. However, as the novel progresses, the new glimpse of life seen on earth are deem and incomparable to the attractive life in Mars. The question of what makes us human is evident when the author states "...ultimately, the empathic gift blurred the boundaries between hunter and victim, between the successful and the defeated" (Dick 29). It is empathy that differentiates us from androids. However, technology is challenging this inordinate ability and the continual use of technology is making us isolated and might soon challenge our very existence. Living a false life is currently the order of the day as evident through social platforms such as Twitter and Facebook which makes us highly connected yet very isolated. â€Å"The electric things have their life too. Paltry as those lives are† (Dick 239). The technological devices invented by human beings have a life of their own, but we increasingly find ourselves attracted to ‘their’ life, forgetting our life. Reading Philip Dick’s novel, one realizes how the present world is actually experiencing the situation that was foreseen decades ago. It is an outstanding masterpiece to every student who believe in the destructive nature of

Evolution of Leadership Thinking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Evolution of Leadership Thinking - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that leadership practices have been diverse and dynamic throughout the years. Trends in leadership have always captured the attention of scholars in various academic fields. This follows the evolvement of leadership thinking over time. Essentially, changes and improvements in leadership perspectives are backed up by leadership theories that trace, examine, assess, evaluate, and analyze the evolution of leadership thinking. The movement from traditional to contemporary theories of leadership is aligned with the leadership needs, interests, issues, and concerns of today’s world. Notably, this movement is informed by leadership thinking evolution relative to leadership theories. Leadership perspectives have substantially changed since the 19th century. The traditional leadership theory of the Great Man regarded leadership as something which was acquired at birth. In this respect, leaders were not necessarily expected to emerge every now and then. In the light of contemporary leadership practices, this theory downplayed the skills approach to leadership but relatively upheld the trait approach. Inborn traits and personality development influenced leadership thinking within the period associated with the ‘great man’ leadership. The Great Man Theory made no provisions for learned leadership. This implies that it was not believed a person could actually learn and become a skilled leader.  

Arabic culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Arabic culture - Essay Example Geography plays a vital role in forcing the Arabs to opt for long dresses which cover the entire body. It should be noted that Middle East is perhaps the hottest region in this earth. Because of the proximity of deserts, the atmospheric temperature in most of the Middle Eastern countries is in the range of 35 to 45 degree Celsius during the majority of the months in a year. In order to escape from extreme heat, Arabs use long white cloths and head covers. White colour has the ability to reflect heat whereas black colour has the ability to absorb heat. That is why Arabs mostly interested in white dresses. Arabs normally like non-vegetarian foods because of their geographical peculiarities. Fishing is a traditional revenue source for Arabs because since most of the Arab countries are located near the seashores. It is difficult for the Arabs to grow vegetables in open air because of the extreme heat and humid conditions. So, historically, they included items like fish, meat, egg etc mor e in their dishes. In fact vegetarian foods are expensive in the Arab world compared to the non-vegetarian foods. In short, geography has influenced Arab food habits very much. â€Å"Black tea is the most common drink among Arab world, usually the Lipton brand name. You can also find a delicious tea made from hibiscus flowers - zouhourat. This tea has a light yellow colour and a delicate, flowery flavour† (Syrian Drinks: Repast in a Teacup). Sulaimani (Black tea) is the major drink among Arab people.

Introduction to vodafone organization

Introduction to vodafone organization Answer 1: Introduction: Our chosen organization is Vodafone. Vodafone is in existence from 1984. At that time it was formed as a subsidiary of Racal Electronics Plc. In 1991 it completely demerged from its parent company i.e. Racal Electronics Plc then it got its present name as Vodafone Group Plc. At present Vodafone is the worlds leading telecommunication organization, with a mark able presence in countries around the world, whether it is Europe, Africa, Asia Pacific or United States. Lonely it has 323 million customers (www.vodafone.com) all around the world. Why Vodafone: I Choose Vodafone because its large geographic area of operation provide diversity to its operation process, activities in the organization, culture at organization and on as a whole completely different entities existing all together. It gives a good blend of maintaining Brand Image and organizational values along with the localization of the products services. This gives us chance to have a look upon different kinds of cultural leadership traits in the same organization. This kind of organizations gives us a perfect example of unity in diversity. Now coming upon different kinds of traits found in the organization, we have many traits being followed in Vodafone such as Autocratic, Bureaucratic, Democratic, Charismatic, Transformational and many more. These all have their importance in their desired positions and timings. But among these there are four majorly popular leadership styles which are more prominent in Vodafone Group Plc. These leadership styles are given ahead. Transformational Leadership: This is a kind of leadership in which the leaders are highly and spend very much time in communication with their team members. The Transformational leaders always lead from the front just delegate the roles and responsibilities among team members. A Transformational leader is a leader in true sense as he/she inspires the other team members with his leadership skills, vision and enthusiasm. In Vodafone all the executive and top management staff personnel are example of this style of leadership. They inspire their sub-ordinate staff to perform better and better. Democratic Leadership/Participative Leadership: This type of leadership is style is usually found in Vodafone particularly at sub-ordinate staff level. At that level there are many decisions which affect the larger number of peoples. In these kinds of situations this type of democratic leadership style becomes must for the betterment of the organization. Task Oriented: This kind of leadership helps the Vodafone in usually marketing department where the managers are more concerned with the sales and targets achieved. This leadership style has helped Vodafone to acquire a customer base of 323 million users as taking the user-base of the subsidiaries in the proportions of their stake. Situational Leadership: Although all other type of leadership styles have been and are being proved beneficial for the organization, but these all styles have something or other lacking. So, the best leadership style applied is the Situational Leadership as it takes benefits and traits of all other leadership styles as according to the situation. This style removes all lacking from leadership style. The only cause of concern in this leadership style is this that all the decision of traits altering would be dependent on leaders discretion. So here the actual leadership skill takes most from any manager or an executive.(University of Wales, library) Answer 2: Situational variables have influenced Leadership in every era in every part in every season to every possible extent. Now this is different thing that in some situations the impact seen is lower and in some situations it is more. In Vodafone also the situational variables have impacted the organization very much. So the different variables such as increasing environmental issues, growing powers of the different economies, Political relations, the inflation and deflation in different countries, GDP growth in countries, their exposure to external risks, culture of the different operating regions, current financial meltdown have also impacted the Growth of Vodafone Growth Plc. A brief description of these is given below. Growing Environmental Concerns All around the world the people are raising concerns over the environmental issues, whether be increasing global warming, depleting ozone layer, decreasing agricultural land or animals becoming instinct. Increasing wireless communication is concerned as a big cause of disturbing the natural life cycle. So, this has posed as a threat to the Vodafone as well being a mobile operator service provider. So, in these kinds of situations usually the bureaucratic leaders are preferred so that they may tackle the problem and may get a consensus on the issue. Only this would help in uninterrupted working of the organization and to maintain growth. Thus this situational variable has emphasized the presence of a bureaucratic leader in the organization. This may result in other leaders adapting the bureaucratic traits or recruiting new bureaucratic leaders. Growing powers of different countries. Now a day we all know that the developing economies are becoming stronger and stronger day by day. More and more powers are concentrating around them. So to grow with the time Vodafone also has to get presence in these countries. This is because these countries have great opportunities of growth and are providing resources to develop. So at this stage more and more transformational leaders are required, who must be adaptable to the conditions of the organization in new operating division. Only these transformational leaders can inspire the local talent to perform and to make them prosperous by making organizations growth faster. So this situation favors the Transformational Leaders. Political Relations In present scenario almost every country has hard feelings (if not exactly hard then at least non-supporting) feelings towards at least one other countries at the political level. We can take the example of any Islamic country. In present situation almost every Islamic country has non-supporting attitude towards the United States and its citizens. So Vodafone cannot take risk to send any of its staff people to move from US to any Islamic country. This situation favors the autocratic leaders as they can have work from the employees even at the cost of their desires. Current Financial Crises Current financial crisis has caused many job lost and losses of many billions to the organization. This has decreased the morale of the employees of the organization concerning about job security and financial soundness. This very position favors the transformational and charismatic leadership who may again raise the morale of the employees and fill motivation among them. So at different times different situational factors affect and favor the different leadership styles. But real leader are those who survive in every condition and sustain their organization throughout.|(Miintel),(Datamonitor,London) Answer 3: Like other multinationals Vodafone also faces problem in posing a single brand and culture along with accepting the locality in their products and services. To have a right way of communication they have to have a right culture in every subsidiary and operating sub-units. Every division must have traits like being a local company so that it may get confidence of the customers and would be able to grow further. Vodafone has also accepted the culture according to their operational base and according to the geographic area in which they are working. Although they have changed their HR activities in different countries, yet they have reserved their self challenging, inspiring, passionate traits within them. Few points from their success stories which came from their culture (either directly or indirectly) can be given as Promoting Leadership: Vodafone has always promoted in built leadership in their employees. It is due to their Natural talent that they are so passionate that they take their job as joy and perform really better than they usually had performed. Because of born talent they not only perform to their best rather they also inspire others to perform up to their maximum. They motivate them to such an extent that they make their unit performance felt apart from other divisions. Originating Passion: Vodafone has a history of inculcating passion in their employees. The culture prevailing in the organization makes the employees so passionate about their work that they not only work but they perform in and for the organization. It is a similar trait found in every business unit of the Vodafone Group Plc. Producing Energy: Vodafone Group Plc has always supported an energetic culture. In this kind of culture every employee himself/herself performs his/her job more sincerely and efficiently. In the work culture given by the Vodafone employees bound to give results and make it more successful day by day. Creative: Vodafone Group Plc has always been known for its innovation in the industry. It has been most innovative organization throughout the world. This is only the culture of the organization which supports the creative thinking of the employees and not only support but also appreciates their ideas as well. This innovation based culture has helped to a great extent to Vodafone Group to increase its customer base become number one in world in telecommunication service industry.(The times) Knowledge Based: Vodafone has always supported and appreciated the knowledge in the employees. The top management of the organization is the proof of the knowledge assessment and support. The culture in Vodafone values the knowledge of a person in spite of their family background, their color, their gender, their religion or the region they belong to. They recruit they best suited people for the job and make no discretion in the compensation paid to them.(organizational Behavior) Overall the culture at the Vodafone takes best out of the employees and in return also makes them happy. Vodafone group believes in the basic human tendency that if you will care the people, they will return the same, i.e. because Vodafone takes care of their employees, employees in turn give their best make Vodafone to perform even better than the every time. Answer 4: At present the Vodafone Group Plc is the leading mobile operator in the world. It has been able to develop emerging leaders to successful businessmen. There are many stories which give validity to the same fact. On the other hand it has also one of the best employers in the world due to its culture and opportunities provided by them. The culture provided by the Vodafone Group Plc has been able to maintain its talent pool throughout the world. Although having many such successful stories in the Vodafone Group Plc, still it has many aspects which are still to be concerned in Vodafone Group. Some of these may be listed as follows. In Leadership: Promoting the new dimensions in leadership. Vodafone has always followed the existing leadership styles. New leadership styles may give more valuable outcomes than the traditional ones. New situational style of leadership has proved more effective as compared to others. Probably too much emphasis on Leadership. It is true that leadership development has proved fruitful for Vodafone Group Plc. But sometime, when the person does not possess leadership qualities, then wealth and time wasted in inculcating leadership qualities among in him/her may cause loss to the organization as a whole. May produce jealousy among employees The employees who dont possess leadership qualities may feel jealousy towards the employees who possess. It is because the persons with leadership skills would be promoted earlier and would also be benefitted more than them. In Culture: Easy acceptability The employees in the Vodafone Group are adaptable, but to a certain extent. This extent may depend upon their back ground, physical conditions around them, their culture, their religion etc. So, to make them easily adaptable to any kind of environment is a really difficult task to achieve. Discrimination Although Vodafone Group Plc has won many awards for its good culture in organization, yet there are some issues like discrimination, which are still there in the organization. These pose problems to the employees at many times. These issues are still to be tackled carefully because it is not only harming the organizational culture, but also encouraging the similar activities in the society as a whole (.www.12manage.com) So, Although Vodafone has emerged as global leader in mobile services operators developing great leaders and enriching the society by providing great place to work, yet there are some areas to look upon, which are deteriorating the organizations performance as well as the Brand Equity among its stakeholders. References: Foti, R.J., Hauenstein, N.M.A. (2007). Pattern and variable approaches in leadership emergence and effectiveness. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92, 347-355. Zaccaro, S. J., Gulick, L.M.V. Khare, V.P. (2008). Personality and leadership. In C. J. Hoyt, G. R. Goethals D. R. Forsyth (Eds.), Leadership at the crossroads (Vol 1) (pp. 13-29). Westport, CT: Praeger. Kenny, D.A. Zaccaro, S.J. (1983). An estimate of variance due to traits in leadership. Journal of Applied Psychology, 68, 678-685 Julian Steward 1955 Theory of Culture Change: The Methodology of Multilinear Evolution University of Illinois Press Hasell, Nick (1999-06-30). â€Å"Scramble for Vodafone as blue chips retreat†. The Times (Times Newspapers). Reguly, Eric (1996-11-20). â€Å"Vodafone pockets Peoples Phone†. The Times (Times Newspapers).

How businesses develop :: Business and Management Studies:

How businesses develop The aim of this report is to produce a portfolio based on an investigation of two contrasting businesses. I have chosen two different companies for my report. It will include a description of type of ownership and the different liabilities of owners. A description off different industrial sectors and currant UK trends in their growth or decline. Description of business activities and current UK trends in their growth or decline. The reason for the location of each business. A Description of the influence of each stakeholder on each business. Of my chosen businesses. Type of owner ship The large company I have chosen is Tesco the reason I chose Tesco is it’s a very successfully growing large company. Tesco is public limited company (PLC) (Means that any one can be shareholder) Public limited companies are the largest type of privately owned enterprise in the UK. A PLC has power to rise large amount of capital, through selling it’s shares to the public. A Public Limited Company can sell its shares on the Stock Market, the owners of a Limited Company are not involved in the running of the business, unless they have been elected to the Board of Directors This means it can develop the business more easily then private limited company, sole trader. It can also benefit from being a large-size organization. It will be able to buy in bulk, and specialise. Tesco sells Groceries, cloths, CDs, videos, DVDs, books, Computer Games, Electricals, school equipment, Wines and other alcohol drinks. Tesco is currently the leading supermarket in uk. Tesco as a pretty good Competition from other supermarkets such as Sainsbury, Safeway. But Tesco is cheaper then most of the other supermarkets and they offers lot more products. Recoding to Tosco’ on average Sainsbury's are 4% more expensive than Tesco and Safeway are 10% more expensive than Tesco. There are more then 700-plus stores and many distribution centres are located in United Kingdom. They have several office sites in the UK and Ireland, where there key support functions are based. The majority of office staff is based in Hertfordshire. Tesco has been operating on an international basis for long time, anticipating the need to become a major retail name in key regions, they moved into central Europe, where they have a strong presence in Hungary, Poland, Slovakia and the Czech Republic and the dynamic Asian market. Been a PLC Tesco has advantages such as have limited liability, enjoy maximum continuity, can raise large sums of capital, large size enable them to enjoy economies of scale' such as being able to buy supplies in bulk and they find it easy to borrow money then smaller businesses

Elements of Small Business Environment

THE ELEMENT OF THE SMALL BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT Entrepreneurship Individual Assignment THE ELEMENT OF THE SMALL BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT Entrepreneurship Individual Assignment NGUYEN THAI HA B0074 – BA505 ETR401   |   LECTURER: MR. NGHIAHT NGUYEN THAI HA B0074 – BA505 ETR401   |   LECTURER: MR. NGHIAHT CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION of ENVIRONMENT II. INTERNAL ENVIRONMENT III. EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT 1. Task Environment 2. General Environment IV. CONCLUSION V. PREFERENCES I. INTRODUCTIONIn order to start up or become effective, each new and current companies have to use a number of elements within the environment to gauge the path by which they ought to steer. So what is environment? â€Å"Environment is the sum total of forces outside of the entrepreneur and the firm† According to BRIE, the entrepreneur have to create a â€Å"Boundary within the environment, setting firm apart from the rest of the environment†. The Resources, says, knowledge, money are gathered from the environment. It is also at the core of Exchange because Exchange is the firm/entrepreneur dealing with the atmosphere – buying, selling, trading, etc. Similar article: KFC Macro EnvironmentIn short, a firm’s operation activities always involves with environment or environmental factors. It’s divided into 2 elements: Internal and External Environment. The Task & the General Environment are subset of External Environment. II. INTERNAL ENVIRONMENT In accordance with the definition of Internal environment in the text book, â€Å"Internal environment are the people & groups within the boundary of firm, including the owners, managers, employees, and board members of the firm†. Understanding the Internal context is essential to confirm that the risk assessment approach meets the needs of the firm and of its owner.It is the environment in which the firm operates to achieve its objectives and which can be influenced by the firm to manage risk. The internal context is considered having more factors than just all members involved * Internal stakeholders: owners, managers, etc. * The policies, vision, mission and strategic plan in place to achieve them Vision and mission are vitally important to a business because of the direction, guidance and purposes, even inspiration they give to both employees and entrepreneurs. * Perceptions, value and culture Culture factor inside the firm can make or break the business.At best, the corporate culture can be a competitive advantage; at worst, it can be a significant drag on business results. â€Å"Companies with an adaptive culture that is aligned to their business goals routinely outperform their competitors. Some studies report the difference at 200% or more†. Mostly, it is the owner, entrepreneur who shape business culture. The leaders who are able to shape their culture â€Å"have a strong understanding that creating thriving, high-performance culture aligned with their company’s mission, vision and values is vital strategy for success†.HP (Hewlett Packard) coped with some problems few years ago and was forced to change its culture. Eac h staff has to point out their own personal and professional objectives for a year and are encouraged, supported to meet the goals. After the change, HP no longer loss in productivity despite shorter working time and increase in staff retention rate. * The capabilities in term of resources & knowledge: people, physical assets, technologies, etc. * Standards and reference models in system, enterprise, software engineering * Structures: governance, roles, etc.III. EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT A business has to interact to what happen outside internal environment to fulfill Exchange in BRIE model. It is External environment surrounding the business operations and the internal environment of business. External environment may include Task Environment which can be called Micro Environment and General Environment or Macro Environment. 1. Task Environment – Micro Environment a. Element of Task Environment The microenvironment is made from components that are close to the company and directl y impact the business.For examples: * Publics group â€Å"can have an  actual or potential interest in or impact on an  organization’s ability to achieve its objectives†. Publics can  be: * Media publics: carry news, features, and editorial opinion * Local publics: neighborhood residents and community organizations. †¦ * Customers: Company must study its customer markets closely since each market  has its own special characteristics. Customers can be B2C, B2B or B2G * Suppliers: Provide the resources or input needed for the business to produce goods and services that play key roles in â€Å"value delivery system† for customers.Suppliers can leave huge impact on business due to supply shortage or the bargaining power of suppliers * Competitors: A company has to face with wide range of competitors and secures its strategic competitive advantages over competitors by technologies or selling point of the products or wipes out the marketplace. †¦.. W almart case will serve as an example. â€Å"Walmart’s Micro environment would be very much focused on immediate local issues, local public. It would consider how to recruit, retain and extend products and services to customers.Walmart should pay close attention to the actions and reactions of direct competitors: local markets, etc. Walmart would build and nurture close relationships with key suppliers for pricing factors and time of delivery. † b. Porter five forces Task environment elements also appear in Porter five forces which is a framework for industry analysis and business strategy development. It derives five important forces that determine the competitive intensity and therefore, the attractiveness of a market. 5 typical factors have direct impact on the business. . General Environment – Macro Environment The General Environment can be described by PESTEL model. It refers to all forces that are part of society, affect business and micro environment. * P olitical factors include: * Government’s stability * Social policies: welfare, etc. * Trade regulation: EU & WTO, etc. * The Government set the laws, regulations and policies that can promote or limit the individuals and organizations in a society * Economic factors: * Economic growth * Unemployment rate * Interest rate†¦ Economic factor can effect purchasing power and spending patterns. â€Å"Element like interest rates affect a firm’s cost of capital and therefore a business grows and expands. Exchange rates affect the export and import goods in an economy. † * Social factors: * Demographics Demographics studies population patterns: sizes, age, sex, occupation, ethnicity, etc. Those patterns are investigated for companies to change various strategies to adapt to these social trends, such as recruiting staff or design suitable products for each segmentLet take an example of age changing structure in US: * Generation Y: born 1980 – 1995 -> technology wise, optimistic, confident, sociable, flexible and changing in its fashion, style consciousness   * Generation Z: born after 1995 -> life with internet, phones,†¦ communicate through social media rather than personally meeting * Technological factors: R&D, automation, etc. This factor can affect cost, quality and lead to innovation of a business. * Environmental – Eco factors: Climate, energy consumption, waste disposal, etc.Awareness of the potential impacts of climate change affects how companies operate and the products/services they offer. There is a strong connection between a healthy economy and a healthy environment. Business should build environmental sustainable strategies for a life-long span. * Legal factors: Antitrust law, consumer law, employment law, etc. Legal factors can shape the way companies operate and interact with employees, customers, etc. IV. CONCLUSION In summary, elements from environment have undeniable vital impacts on the business.Therefo re, entrepreneur should be prepared carefully with full analyzed information from those elements to help their business be able to survive and develop. V. REFERENCE Jerome A. Katz, Richard P. Green II. Ed. 2011. Entrepreneurial Small Business. 3rd Edition. China: The McGraw Hill. Jerome A. Katz, Richard P. Green II. 2011. The element of the small business environment. China: The McGraw Hill. Ch. 2. Figure 1. Jerome A. Katz, Richard P. Green II, 2011. Four elements needed to get your business started. Entrepreneurial Small Business Figure 2. Jerome A. Katz, Richard P. Green II, 2011.The organization’s environment. Entrepreneurial Small Business Figure 3. The planning context environmental scan. Available at: http://www. publicsafety. gc. ca/prg/em/emp/emp-2010-11-eng. aspx [accessed on 20 March 2012] Figure 5. Michael Porter’s 5 forces model. Available at: http://business-fundas. com/2011/michael-porters-5-forces-model/ [accessed on 20 March 2012] Figure 6: Pestel analy sis. Available at: http://pmmagsmartech. blogspot. com/2011/10/pestel-analysis. html [accessed on 20 March 2012] Culture Shaping [e-journal]. Available at: http://www. senndelaney. com/cultureshaping. tml [access on 20 March 2012] Company culture [e-journal]. Available at: http://management. about. com/cs/generalmanagement/a/companyculture. htm [access on 20 March 2012] Emergency Management Planning Guide 2010-2011 [e-journal]. Available at: http://www. publicsafety. gc. ca/prg/em/emp/emp-2010-11-eng. aspx [access on 20 March 2012] Marketing Micro and Macro Environment [e-journal]. Available at: http://www. scribd. com/doc/22543929/Marketing-Micro-and-Macro-Environment [access on 20 March 2012] Porter five forces analysis [e-journal]. Available at: http://en. wikipedia. rg/wiki/Porter_five_forces_analysis [access on 20 March 2012] Veterans, Baby Boomers, Gen X, Gen Y, Gen Z [e-journal]. Available at: http://suite101. com/article/veterans-baby-boomers-gen-x-gen-y-and-gen-z-a185353 [a ccess on 20 March 2012] What is PESTEL framework? [e-journal]. Available at: http://www. businessmate. org/Article. php? ArtikelId=16 [access on 20 March 2012] PEST analysis [e-journal]. Available at: http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/PEST_analysis [access on 20 March 2012] Market environment [e-journal]. Available at: http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Market_environment [access on 20 March 2012]

Cultures of the new world Essay

When the New World was discovered, Native American peoples had spread throughout North and South America. Often they were hunter/gatherers, but they had established various civilizations. The Europeans considered themselves far superior to these natives, and European arrival invariably led to native peoples being subjected to European rule. The Europeans brought superior weapons such as fire-arms, and diseases, which took an appalling toll on native peoples. Native peoples were often unable to assimilate themselves to European culture, and fell into ongoing conflict with the Europeans, resulting in the decimation of native tribes or their relegation to lands beyond a widening sphere of European control. Native Americans’ most lasting contributions were two food crops that reshaped of European farming: corn and potatoes. At the time they settled the New World, Europeans were feeling the effects of the Renaissance and the Reformation. Spain had emerged from centuries of division to become a united country. Portugal was trying to emerge as a sea power and a mercantile power, taking advantage of the slave trade. England was breaking free of continental control and experiencing the remarkable flowering of the Tudor-Stuart period. Open realizing the vast extent of the New World, the Europeans rushed to establish colonial settlements. These colonies reflected the cultures from which they were sent. The Portugese colonies in Brazil were marked by the depredations of slavery. Spanish colonies reveled in the wealth they found in many parts of the New World. English colonists carried their traditions of self-government and sturdy habits to their new colonies. The result has been the Europeanization of the New World. From Mexico south, the region is Latin America, reflecting the pervasive influence of Spanish and Portugese control throughout central and South America. The United States and Canada remain more English in their orientation, and America has become the ultimate cultural imperialists. Although the Europeans discovered the New World while trying to reach Asia, Asia remained largely unaffected by the discovery and settlement of the New World. The Chinese had apparently sailed to the Americas several centuries earlier, but had found nothing that they felt warranted continued contact. The Japanese were about to enter their two-centuries-long isolation. The various peoples of southeast Asia, whose spices had been one of the key goals of the Europeans, remained oblivious to what went on in the New World. It would be the mid-nineteenth century before large scale emigration to the Americas would increase contact, and this would be followed by American laws excluding Asians. Because of the very limited contact that the Asians had with the Americas during the period of European exploration and settlement, Asia had very little direct influence on the Americas. Its indirect influence shows in the fact that the native Americans were called as Columbus dubbed them, Indians. At the time Europeans were settling the New World, sub-Saharan Africa was divided into various kingdoms. Wars among these were common, as was the practice of seizing enemy tribal peoples and selling them as slavery. As Europeans found that Native Americans did not survive well in slavery, they quickly found advantages to importing slaves from Africa, and a flourishing trade in humans began which would last until the nineteenth century. Slaves in America often worked long hours under conditions in which death was commonplace, prompting a need for the continual importation of more slaves. The result of this importation has been the profound legacy of racism that continues to wrack communities from the United States throughout Latin America. SOURCE: â€Å"The Age of Exploration. † (Undated). HistoryTeacher. net. Retrieved January 31, 2007, from . Internet.